Simulation of discrete electromagnetic propagation model for atmospheric effects on mobile communication

Abstract

Abstract:Wireless communication has become an important part of our lives, and atmospheric effects are one of the ultimate factors affecting quality of communication and satellite systems. In this study the attenuation in mobile communication due to atmospheric events like snow and rain is simulated using the discrete propagation model. In this work, spherical raindrop and oblate spheroid raindrop modeling are used. To check the validity of simulations, the commonly used and accepted ITU-R rain model is used. Oblate spheroid raindrop modeling produces results that are more compatible with ITU-R results, especially at frequencies higher than 50 GHz. At lower frequencies, both raindrop shapes produce results that are not compatible with ITU-R results. Moreover, attenuation of snow is simulated for different types using the discrete propagation model and uniform distribution of snowflakes. The attenuation of vegetation is also simulated. It is found that snow attenuation is higher than rain attenuation, specifically because of the differences in particle size. In all simulations, frequencies of GSM communication of 900 MHz, 1800 MHz, and 2270MHz are used for calculation and discussion of the results.

Attenuation of EM Waves Emitted From Inset Feed Type Microstrip Rectangular Patch Antenna by Wet Snow

“…When snow is taken over the antenna again, -14 dB S11 is obtained. When snow was added on the antenna again, it reached -4 dB levels as shown in Figure 6, the obtained results are similar as the literatures [16][17][18][19] in terms of attenuation.…”

“…S11 [dB] and frequency [MHz] graphs for different conditions (a) snow on the antenna (b) removed snow but wetness and melted snow patches on antenna (c) second measurement with wet and melted snowThus, it is shown that fog, haze, rain, cloud, polluted weather ect. conditions in the atmosphere[11][12][13][14][15], as well as snow and wet snow cause electromagnetic wave attenuation[16][17].…”

The Use of High-Speed Cameras as a Tool for the Characterization of Raindrops in Splash Laboratory Studies

“…Measuring the characteristics of raindrops is essential for different processes and recently has attracted increased attention of meteorological research worldwide [1]. It is well known that the size of the raindrops is related to the capacity of the rainfall to clean the atmosphere of aerosols [2,3], and it also has an influence in the attenuation of radio waves [4][5][6], changing the propagating radio frequency. There are other important applications for the determination of drop-size distributions (DSD), some more related with human health, such as the influence in cancer of lung, allergies or other problems [7], and other more related with planet health, such as the influences in herbicides application [8,9] or the analysis of the splash erosion effects [10,11].…”