Simulation and Damage Analysis of an Accidental Jet Fire in a High-Pressure Compressed Pump Shelter

Jang, Chang Bong; Choi, Sungpill

doi:10.1016/j.shaw.2016.06.005

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Based on several tests and working-level projects, the accuracy and usability of KFX have been verified, and the simulation results show a very good result relative to the actual tests performed [28][29][30][31]. This is also confirmed in recent modeling studies, e.g., [32]. In KFX, the emissive power at each wavelength based on literature data [33,34] may be calculated, including black body radiation and molecular radiation from the dominant gas molecules, i.e., methane (CH 4 ), carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), carbon monoxide (CO), and water vapor (H 2 O).…”

Section: The Flaring Scenarios Analyzedsupporting

confidence: 62%

Analysis of Expected Skin Burns from Accepted Process Flare Heat Radiation Levels to Public Passersby

Log

2021

Energies

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Hot flaring, even from quite high flare stacks, may result in significant heat radiation outside a facility to, e.g., public roads where random passersby may be exposed. The present study suggests a novel method for analyzing a typical flare heat radiation exposure and investigates skin burns that may be inflicted on an exposed person if a facility needs to depressurize in an emergency situation. A typical radiation field from an ignited natural gas vent was taken as the boundary condition, and these values were compared to radiation levels mentioned by the American Petroleum Institute (API 521), e.g., 1.58 kW/m2 and above. Due to facility perimeter fences along roads in larger industry areas, it was assumed that an exposed person may flee along a road rather than in the ideal direction away from the flare. It was assumed that naked skin, e.g., a bare shoulder or a bald head is exposed. The Pennes bioheat equation was numerically solved for the skin layers while the person escapes along the road. Sun radiation and convective heat exchange to the ambient air were included, and the subsequent skin injury was calculated based on the temperature development in the basal layer. Parameters affecting burn severity, such as heat radiation, solar radiation, and convective heat transfer coefficient, were analyzed. For small flares and ignited small cold vents, no skin burn would be expected for 1.58 kW/m2 or 3.16 kW/m2 maximum heat radiation at the skin surface. However, higher flare rates corresponding to, e.g., 4.0 kW/m2 maximum flare heat radiation to the skin, resulted both in higher basal layer temperatures and longer exposure time, thus increasing the damage integral significantly. It is demonstrated that the novel approach works well. In future studies, it may, e.g., be extended to cover escape through partly shielded escape routes.

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Section: The Flaring Scenarios Analyzedsupporting

confidence: 62%

Analysis of Expected Skin Burns from Accepted Process Flare Heat Radiation Levels to Public Passersby

Log

2021

Energies

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“…The use of CFD simulations can effectively overcome the problems of time-consuming and costly experiments, and is an effective method for the design of ventilation systems [ 20 , 21 ]. Many scholars at home and abroad have studied the design of mine ventilation systems via CFD simulations, which have been widely used in the study of mine gas extraction and migration laws [ 22 , 23 ], goaf oxidation zone distribution laws [ 24 , 25 ], ventilation pipe layout [ 26 , 27 , 28 ], and dust migration laws [ 29 , 30 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the Optimization and Oxygen-Enrichment Effect of Ventilation Scheme in a Blind Heading of Plateau Mine

2022

IJERPH

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There are abundant mineral resources in plateau areas, but it is difficult to extract them safely because the problem of hypoxia in plateau mines seriously affects the life and health of workers. In order to address the problem of hypoxia in the blind heading of a plateau metal mine, a three-dimensional roadway model was established based on field data of the Pulang copper mine in Yunnan province, China. The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method was used to explore the optimal type of oxygen supply duct outlet, and to reveal the oxygen diffusion law influencing different ventilation factors. Grey correlation analysis was used to study the correlation values of the ventilation factors on the oxygen-enrichment effect in blind headings, such as forcing duct position, exhausting duct position, and extraction pressure ratio. The results demonstrated that the oxygen-enrichment effect of a slit oxygen outlet was better than that of the traditional oxygen supply method. When the direction of the oxygen outlet hole was 30° and the height above the roadway floor was 1.95 m, the oxygen increase effect was better than other forms of oxygen supply duct outlets. Grey correlation analysis revealed that the major influencing factors of the oxygen-enrichment effect in the roadway of the plateau mine, were, in descending order, as follows: forcing duct position, extraction pressure ratio, and exhausting duct position. This study has a positive guiding significance for improving the respiration environment in blind headings of plateau mines.

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“…The proposed method was compared with the current method (overhead sprinkler) to prove its effectiveness. The motivation behind this work is to improve the hydrogen safety knowledge and to help develop a feasible and economical mitigation method for hydrogen leakage to prevent hydrogen fire and explosion, as studies have shown that such fire accidents may create a domino effect that could cause various secondary accidents, such as explosion, chemical accidents, heavy damages on equipment and structures, and human casualties. − The nozzle used in this method can be any industrial nozzle, so it is unnecessary to develop a new nozzle. Moreover, the targeted nitrogen nozzle spray can be used to treat hydrogen leakage from different locations by changing the nozzle orientations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Mitigation of Fire and Explosion Risks due to Hydrogen Leakage Using Targeted Nitrogen Nozzle Spray Approach

Tan

Ban

Chen

et al. 2022

ACS Chem. Health Saf.

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Hydrogen leakage may cause destructive incidents due to its high flammability and explosivity. Thus, better preventive methods must be used to mitigate the impacts. This paper proposed an approach using targeted nitrogen nozzle spray to induce both blower ventilation and inert gas atmosphere on leak sources to suppress hydrogen leakage because studies on blower ventilation and inert gas suppression to mitigate hydrogen leakage are usually conducted separately rather than coupled. Its feasibility was studied using computational fluid dynamics. Dispersion of leaked hydrogen, flammability zone, and room temperature were analyzed. Eight cases were conducted to compare three types of nozzle spray orientation, which are horizontal (90°) targeted nozzle spray, slanted (45°) targeted nozzle spray, and overhead sprinkler. The results showed that the slanted (45°) nozzle exhibited better performance. The distance between the nozzle and the leakage point and the nozzle orientations are the deciding factors of equal importance. Shorter distances such as that in targeted sprays can shorten the time for nitrogen to reach the leak source, and more concentrated nitrogen can be presented. However, proper orientation is required to provide better suppression and to prevent further damage. The proposed method can induce blower ventilation and inert atmosphere to suppress the leaked hydrogen effectively. It can be achieved by using existing industrial nozzle, and the hydrogen leakage from different locations can be treated by changing the nozzle orientations.

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Simulation and Damage Analysis of an Accidental Jet Fire in a High-Pressure Compressed Pump Shelter

Cited by 11 publications

References 9 publications

Analysis of Expected Skin Burns from Accepted Process Flare Heat Radiation Levels to Public Passersby

Analysis of Expected Skin Burns from Accepted Process Flare Heat Radiation Levels to Public Passersby

Study on the Optimization and Oxygen-Enrichment Effect of Ventilation Scheme in a Blind Heading of Plateau Mine

Enhanced Mitigation of Fire and Explosion Risks due to Hydrogen Leakage Using Targeted Nitrogen Nozzle Spray Approach

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