Simulating Human Visual Perception in Tunnel Portals

Liu, Changjiang; Wang, Qiuping

doi:10.3390/su13073741

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The experiment was also carried out on the Expressway A, and the experimental period when the traffic flow was relatively stable was selected as much as possible, which aimed to minimize the interference with the data results. Considering that studies have shown that drivers’ visual adaptation process is related to strong changes in light intensity, the experiment was selected to be carried out at noon in clear weather [ 46 , 47 ].…”

Section: Engineering and Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Design Method for Highway Adjacent Tunnel and Exit Connection Section Length Based on Entropy Method

Liu

Pan

Zhang

et al. 2022

Entropy

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With the continuous construction of transportation infrastructure, intersection nodes have been increasing rapidly, bringing growing numbers of tunnel- and exit-adjacent sections (TEAS) in mountain expressways in China. With the complex variation in the surrounding environment, drivers always face congestion and confusion on tunnel and the exit connecting sections (TECS) without adequate length, meanwhile excessively long TECS create detours. To better provide a sustainable design strategy for TEAS, based on a certain section of expressway in Shaanxi, China, this paper establishes a theoretical calculation model through analysis. The characteristics of traffic flow and drivers’ light adaptation at tunnel exit are obtained through data collection and driving tests, and the length requirements of the tunnel and exit connecting sections (TECS) are discussed. A VISSIM microscopic simulation model is also built under various design schemes and entropy-based multi-attribute decision making (EBMADM) is used to objectively calculate the weights of the four selected evaluation indexes. Then, the design schemes of the TECS with different lengths have been comprehensively evaluated. The results show the match between the evaluation results of EBMADM with theoretical calculations under existing traffic conditions, which proves the rationality of EBMADM in such problems. For more cases, the results of the EBMADM evaluation show a positive correlation between the length of TECS for the best performing design scheme with traffic volume and diverging ratio.

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Section: Engineering and Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Design Method for Highway Adjacent Tunnel and Exit Connection Section Length Based on Entropy Method

Liu

Pan

Zhang

et al. 2022

Entropy

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show abstract

“…This method is widely used in multi-objective scheme selection, such as for highways, electric power, etc. [17,[36][37][38][39].…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, each subjective or objective weighting method is applied only to assign weights to indexes, which ignores the influences of objective factors, evaluators' opinions, and analyzers' preferences on indexes. As a result, the highway route scheme determined is not optimal [17,18]. In addition, without the help of computers and intelligent technology, these methods cannot adapt to evaluation by a large group, and no feasible algorithm is applied to scheme optimization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An intelligent optimization method for highway route selection based on comprehensive weight and TOPSIS

2022

Self Cite

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In order to accurately analyze and evaluate multi-index and multi-route traffic schemes for comparison and selection, we introduce herein a comprehensive weight and an intelligent selection algorithm for traffic scheme optimization to improve upon the shortcomings of common qualitative and quantitative analysis methods. Firstly, we establish an evaluation index system of transportation by traffic scheme considering the factors of technology, ecological environment, social environment, and economy, based on the whole life cycle. Secondly, the comprehensive weight based on subjective and objective factors is constructed. Finally, we establish an optimization method for transportation schemes by using the comprehensive weight and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) model. The results show that the evaluation index system based on the whole life cycle is more comprehensive and accurate. The comprehensive weight vector avoids the defects of single weight methods and makes full use of subjective data and expert opinions. The comprehensive weight vector is introduced into the decision-maker’s preference coefficient, so that analysts can determine the scheme according to the subjective and objective information and to the required accuracy. This method uses a large number of evaluation groups to evaluate the scheme, and the evaluation results show greater objectivity and efficiency.

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“…Regarding tunnel safety, the relationship between drivers' physiological and behavioral characteristics and tunnel safety has aroused much attention from scholars. The drivers' electrocardiogram (ECG) and speed variation characteristics in various sections of the tunnel (entrance, exit and internal section) and the visual variation characteristics of drivers at the entrance and exit of the tunnel [15][16][17][18][19][20] and tunnel environment [21][22][23] have been intensively discussed in the field of tunnel safety. For instance, the "black hole" and "white hole" effects caused by the rapid change in illumination at the tunnel entrance and exit have an impact on drivers' visual adaptability [24][25][26].…”

Section: Drivers' Physiological and Behavioral Characteristics And Tunnel Safetymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the Spatial Structure Conditions of Urban Underpass Tunnels’ Longitudinal Section on Drivers’ Physiological and Behavioral Comfort

Feng

Yang

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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To investigate the physiological and behavioral comfort of drivers traversing urban underpass tunnels with various spatial structure conditions, a driving simulator experiment was conducted using 3DMAX and SCANeRTM studio software. Three parameters, including the slope, slope length, and height of a tunnel, were selected as research objects to explore the optimal combination of structural parameters in urban underpass tunnels. The heart rate (HR), interbeat (RR) interval, speed, and lane centerline offset value were collected for 30 drivers. Then, a measurement model of the relationship among HR, RR interval, speed, lane centerline offset value, and structural parameters was established by using partial correlation analyses and the stepwise regression method. On this basis, a structural constraint model based on the drivers’ physiological and behavioral comfort thresholds was also constructed. The results show that the driver’s HR, RR interval, speed, and lane centerline offsets are significantly related to the tunnel height, slope, and slope length. More importantly, this paper not only analyzed the effects of various structural parameters on drivers’ physiology and behavior but also proposed an optimized combination of structural parameters based on drivers’ physiological and behavioral comfort. It can reasonably improve tunnel design in China, ensure tunnel traffic safety, and seek the maximum comfort of the driver in the driving process.

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Simulating Human Visual Perception in Tunnel Portals

Cited by 8 publications

References 21 publications

Evaluation of Design Method for Highway Adjacent Tunnel and Exit Connection Section Length Based on Entropy Method

Evaluation of Design Method for Highway Adjacent Tunnel and Exit Connection Section Length Based on Entropy Method

An intelligent optimization method for highway route selection based on comprehensive weight and TOPSIS

Effects of the Spatial Structure Conditions of Urban Underpass Tunnels’ Longitudinal Section on Drivers’ Physiological and Behavioral Comfort

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