Simulating Fuel Spill Fires Under The Wing Of An Aircraft

Keltner, N.R.; Gill, Walter; Kent, L.A.

doi:10.3801/iafss.fss.4-1017

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The EDC-based combustion model and the common sub-grid scale turbulence model are satisfactory for the buoyancy-controlled, unconfined fire in crossflow. The CFD approach is much more realistic, when dealing with the characteristics of the wind-induced interaction of fires and large objects, than the simpler alternatives [13] ed by the buoyancy-induced air entrainment in the pool fire, preventing the flame from reaching fuselage. As illustrated in Figure 23, the extent of the higher heat flux to the wing skin rises with an increase of the wind speed to 10 m/s.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Predictive Solution for Engineering Calculations on a Full Scale Aircraft Post-Crash Fire

Hy¹,

Wang²

2017

Int J Astronaut Aeronautical Eng

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diately causes the engine to run down. The fire ignites when fuel from the punctured wing tank access panel comes into contact with combustion gases escaping from the damaged engine. Although the wind has strength so slight that it has a relatively insignificant factor in terms of aircraft handling-there is a powerful body of evidence which clearly shows that the influence of the wind on the accident is paramount. Not only does it drive the static fire plume against and beneath the hull, making a more rapid penetration of the aluminium (B747 family) alloy fuselage skins inevitable, it creates an aerodynamic pressure field around the fuselage which, once doors and exits have been opened on the side opposite to the fire, induced the products of the external fire into and down the length of the cabin interior. In

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Whilst there has been research carried out over the years into the atmospheres associated with aircraft fires. Tests were conducted by Keltner [13] to simulate spilled fuel fires that might occur under the wing of a transport aircraft. The tests in general have been rather limited in terms of the fire-model used.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Predictive Solution for Engineering Calculations on a Full Scale Aircraft Post-Crash Fire

Hy¹,

Wang²

2017

Int J Astronaut Aeronautical Eng

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“…The occurrence of large fires, which engulf objects, was experimentally and numerically studied by Gritzo and Nicolette. 7 The tests were conducted by Keltner et al 8 to simulate fuel spill fires that might occur under the wing of a transport aircraft. More recently, a considerable effort has been made by Suo-Anttila and Gritzo.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…9,10 in conducting a full-scale measurement of the temperature and heat flux distributions with the presence of a fuselage-sized cylindrical object engulfed in a large aviation-fuel fire subjected to various winds. All these works [7][8][9][10] showed that the flame zone geometry, the temperature, radiative property and velocity fields depend on a wide variety of parameters, including fuel type, wind condition and size of the object as compared to fire.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mathematical modelling of the interaction between wind and aviation-fuel fire engulfing a fuselage-sized cylinder

Wang

2013

Journal of Fire Sciences

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This numerical study focuses on the fire phenomenology associated with the presence of a cylindrical object immersed, at one particular location and orientation, within a large aviation-fuel fire in a moving fluid medium. An extension of the eddy dissipation concept is incorporated, allowing to investigate the roles of the wind speed and its direction on the fire growth, heat flux distribution and smoke products, such as carbon monoxide and soot. The predicted flame shape compares well with the measurements. Moreover, the study has shed new light on the effect of the variation, which is erratic in nature, from the average wind direction on the heat flux distribution. The outcome of the study is interesting, and the interaction model between turbulence and combustion is indeed adequate. The prediction indicates that the interaction between the large object and fire environment combined with the influence of wind conditions affects the location of the continuous flame zone dramatically. The increase in the wind speed results in an alteration of the distribution of the incident heat fluxes to the surface of the engulfed cylinder for a case where the fire and object are of comparable size. The highest heat flux occurs on the windward side of the cylinder for the low and medium winds but on the leeward side of the cylinder for the high wind. The peak heat fluxes to the medium or high wind are almost equal in magnitude but about 50% beyond the ones to the low wind.

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“…The occurrence of large fires that engulf objects was experimentally and numerically studied by Gritzo [11]. Tests were conducted by Keltner [12] to simulate fuel spill fires that might occur under the wing of a transport aircraft. A considerable effort has been made by Suo-Anttila [5,6] in conducting a full-scale measurement of the temperature and heat flux distributions with the presence of a fuselage-sized cylindrical object engulfed in a large aviation fuel fire subjected to various winds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction between Crosswind and Aviation-Fuel Fire Engulfing a Full-Scale Composite-Type Aircraft: A Numerical Study

Wang

2015

Aerospace

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This numerical study focuses on the fire phenomenology associated with the presence of a composite-type aircraft immersed, at one particular location and orientation, within a large aviation-fuel fire in a moving fluid medium. An extension of the eddy dissipation concept is incorporated, allowing one to investigate the roles of the wind speed and its direction on the fire growth, heat flux distribution and smoke products, such as carbon monoxide and soot. The predicted flame shape compares well with the measurements for an intermediate-scale fire. The outcome of the study is interesting, and the interaction model between turbulence and combustion is indeed adequate. The prediction indicates that interaction between the large object and fire environment combined with the influence of wind conditions dramatically affects the continuous flame shape. The increase of the wind speed results in an alteration of the distribution of the incident heat fluxes to the engulfed fuselage skin for a case where the fire and fuselage are of comparable size. The highest heat flux occurs on the windward side of the fuselage for the low and medium winds, but on the leeward side of the fuselage for the high wind. The peak in heat flux to the medium or high wind is almost equal in magnitude, but about a factor four increase of that to the low wind.

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Simulating Fuel Spill Fires Under The Wing Of An Aircraft

Cited by 11 publications

References 3 publications

A Predictive Solution for Engineering Calculations on a Full Scale Aircraft Post-Crash Fire

A Predictive Solution for Engineering Calculations on a Full Scale Aircraft Post-Crash Fire

Mathematical modelling of the interaction between wind and aviation-fuel fire engulfing a fuselage-sized cylinder

Interaction between Crosswind and Aviation-Fuel Fire Engulfing a Full-Scale Composite-Type Aircraft: A Numerical Study

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