Simplified SOC Balancing of an MMC with Embedded Storage in an EV System

Omar, Alaa; Wood, Alan; Laird, Hamish; Gaynor, Paul

doi:10.1109/tencon54134.2021.9707466

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The modulation technique in this test is the Phase Shifted PWM (PSPWM ) [6]. A simplified sorting algorithm is used to equalise the SOC of the arm SMs as shown in Fig.…”

Section: A Connection Of the Mmc-bess To An Rl Loadmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The average SOC of the converter legs and arms were naturally balanced during the motor operation. It is advised to control the SOC of the legs and the arms by a dedicated method as presented in [6] to minimise circulating currents. The emulated motor terminal voltages of phase a, b, and c are shown in Fig.…”

Section: Extension Of Real-time Chil To High Number Of Sms Per Armmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An extended application of the MMC is to replace the SM capacitor with a battery energy storage system (BESS). The MMC-BESS topology has recently been investigated as a centralised traction converter in electric vehicles [6], [7]. A laboratory prototype of such a converter gives insights into the expected behaviour of the MMC-BESS system; however, it is not feasible to construct a fullscale converter with a large number of SMs at early stages of research.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Real-time emulation of a PMSM-loaded MMC with BESS

et al. 2023

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This paper details a validated real-time emulation of a modular multilevel converter with integrated energy storage sub-modules. The real-time emulated system is implemented using MicroLabBox/ dSPACE. A validation is carried out by constructing and testing a prototype of the converter with a reduced number of voltage levels and integrated batteries. The real-time operation of the emulated converter is tested under a range of loading conditions and compared to the prototype. Emulated results closely match the physical prototype results. Based on this outcome, a converter that comprises a high number of sub-modules is emulated and investigated when connected to a large scale motor. This research provided a seamless extension of the model from a lower to a higher number of converter sub-modules with minor changes in the emulation structure, the basic control and the sorting algorithm. This is a novel real-time emulation of the converter that can be used for electric vehicle application using MicroLabBox/dSPACE.

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“…The modulation technique in this test is the Phase Shifted PWM (PSPWM ) [6]. A simplified sorting algorithm is used to equalise the SOC of the arm SMs as shown in Fig.…”

Section: A Connection Of the Mmc-bess To An Rl Loadmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Extension Of Real-time Chil To High Number Of Sms Per Armmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Real-time emulation of a PMSM-loaded MMC with BESS

et al. 2023

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“…For the distributed MMC-BESS, it is crucial to realize the SoC equalization among phases, between upper and lower arms, and among submodules within one arm. The individual SoC balancing [8] can be realized by the carrier rotation method [9,10], sorting algorithm [11][12][13], and modulation reference adjustment [14,15]. Leg/phase and arm SoC balancing can be achieved by a zero-sequence injection [15,16], a negative-sequence current injection [17], and circulating current control [18][19][20][21][22][23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling and Control of a Modular Multilevel Converter Based on a Battery Energy Storage System with Soft Arm State-of-Charge Balancing Control

Wang,

Chakraborty,

Geury

et al. 2024

Energies

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Modular multilevel converters (MMCs) with integrated battery energy storage systems (BESSs) are becoming crucial for modern power grids. This paper investigates the modeling and control of a grid-connected MMC-BESS, with a specific emphasis on state-of-charge (SoC) balancing. Compared to conventional hard arm SoC balancing control (HASBC), this paper proposes an alternative soft arm SoC balancing control (SASBC). The simulation results and analysis indicate the following: 1. SASBC provides superior performance in achieving SoC balance both between and within the arms, as compared to HASBC. 2. The MMC-BESS power fluctuates between phases, arms, and individual submodules to balance the SoC of batteries. After the accomplishment of SoC equalization, the power is equally distributed, and the circulating current is well eliminated. 3. MMC-BESS can operate in both the charging and discharging modes, and the total harmonic distortion (THD) of the output current is reduced from 6.80% to 1.13% after SoC balancing is achieved. 4. A robustness test shows the control system’s effective performance in handling component variations.

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A New Submodule for Capacitor Voltage Ripple Reduction with Fewer Semiconductor Components in Modular Multilevel Converters

Yousofi-Darmian

Barakati

2023

Iran J Sci Technol Trans Electr Eng

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Simplified SOC Balancing of an MMC with Embedded Storage in an EV System

Cited by 3 publications

References 8 publications

Real-time emulation of a PMSM-loaded MMC with BESS

Real-time emulation of a PMSM-loaded MMC with BESS

Modeling and Control of a Modular Multilevel Converter Based on a Battery Energy Storage System with Soft Arm State-of-Charge Balancing Control

A New Submodule for Capacitor Voltage Ripple Reduction with Fewer Semiconductor Components in Modular Multilevel Converters

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