Simple small molecule carbon source strategy for synthesis of functional hydrothermal carbon: preparation of highly efficient uranium selective solid phase extractant

Abstract

In this paper, simple small molecules, glyoxal and acrylonitrile, are chosen as starting materials to prepare an amidoxime-functionalized hydrothermal carbon-based solid phase extractant (HTC-AO) via a one-step hydrothermal process following a simple oximation. The resulting HTC-AO exhibits the anticipated properties, i.e., low porosity (0.01 cm 3 g À1 ) and intraparticle diffusion coefficient (k int ¼ 0.042 mmol g À1 min À0.5 ), high content of amidoxime groups (1.66 mmol g À1 ) and minimal undesired functional groups (typically carboxylic group: 0.07 mmol g À1 ; phenolic group: 0.38 mmol g À1 ; lactonic group: 0.01 mmol g À1 ). Moreover, the results of irradiation experiments under g-ray dosages between 1 and 100 kGy indicate that HTC-AO has good radiation stability. The sorption behavior of U(VI) onto HTC-AO is investigated in detail using batch sorption experiments. A saturation U(VI) sorption capacity over that of all the uranium sorbents reported previously is found to be 1021.6 mg g À1 at pH 4.5 in single uranium solution, and a so far unreported highest uranium selectivity of 81.6% with a sorption capacity of 268.9 mg g À1 is observed at pH 2.5 in multi-ion solution. The significant outcomes in this work confirms that the "simple small molecule carbon source" strategy is practical and efficient, and may have the potential for the preparation of other types of functional materials such as highly specific catalysts, drug targeting carriers and others.

Direct synthesis of carbon-based microtubes by hydrothermal carbonization of microorganism cells

“…The existence of the aromatic structures was also demonstrated by the new peak at 3027.15 cm À1 . After carbonization, the adsorption peak belonging to C@O was found to shift from 1741.60 to 1675.27 cm À1 , indicating that carbonyl groups might be conjugated with aromatic rings [13].…”

“…In order to obtain further information concerning the final chemical structure of CMTs, 13 C SSNMR analysis has been carried out (Fig. 8).…”

“…and crude plant materials (pericarps, leaves, shrimp shells, pine needles, etc.) can be converted into interesting carbon nanostructures using environmentally friendly steps [12][13][14]. This avoids traditional harsh conditions such as strong acids or bases, high temperature and pressure, metal catalyst and long reaction times [15].…”

Synthesis of amidoximated graphene oxide nanoribbons from unzipping of multiwalled carbon nanotubes for selective separation of uranium(vi)

“…In the spectrum of MWCNTs, the bands at 3440 and 2920 cm -1 can be assigned to the O-H stretching vibration arising from the surface hydroxyl groups and saturated C-H vibration, respectively. 22,33 The last stage (≥ 500 o C) is due to the release of CO 2 from the burning of carbon. 32 Compared to that of MWCNTs, a new peak of GONRs appears at 1714 cm −1 , which corresponds to the stretch of carboxylic (-COOH) groups.…”

An Amidoximated-UHMEPE Fiber for Selective and High Efficient Removal of Uranyl and Thorium from Acid Aqueous Solution

“…One major challenge is the disposal of nuclear waste [1] [2] [3] including the removal and recovery of radionuclides with minimum impact on the environment. From the point view of uranium resources and environmental protection [4] [5], separation and recovery of the essential uranium element in nuclear waste solution are also of great significance. Solid phase extraction [6] [7] (SPE) has been considered to be one of the most effective methods for recovery of materials because of its simplicity, low cost and wide adaptability [8].…”