Abstract:Cancer has become the leading cause of death worldwide; early diagnosis and treatment of cancers is critical for the survival of the patients. The concentration of cancer markers in easy-to-access biological fluids can provide great assistance in screening for occult primary cancers, distinguishing malignant from benign findings, determining prognosis and prediction for cancer patients. The multiplex detection technology of a panel of cancer markers can greatly increase the accuracy of disease diagnosis. Herei… Show more
“… Fig. 7 Nanofiber morphology via SEM is shown [129] . Part (A) shows the superfine diameter of the fibers, while (B) and (C) demonstrate the morphology before and after dipping in aqueous solution respectively.…”
Section: Types Of Bioactive 3d Structuresmentioning
A variety of engineered scaffolds have been created for tissue engineering using polymers, ceramics and their composites. Biomimicry has been adopted for majority of the three-dimensional (3D) scaffold design both in terms of physicochemical properties, as well as bioactivity for superior tissue regeneration. Scaffolds fabricated via salt leaching, particle sintering, hydrogels and lithography have been successful in promoting cell growth in vitro and tissue regeneration in vivo. Scaffold systems derived from decellularization of whole organs or tissues has been popular due to their assured biocompatibility and bioactivity. Traditional scaffold fabrication techniques often failed to create intricate structures with greater resolution, not reproducible and involved multiple steps. The 3D printing technology overcome several limitations of the traditional techniques and made it easier to adopt several thermoplastics and hydrogels to create micro-nanostructured scaffolds and devices for tissue engineering and drug delivery. This review highlights scaffold fabrication methodologies with a focus on optimizing scaffold performance through the matrix pores, bioactivity and degradation rate to enable tissue regeneration. Review highlights few examples of bioactive scaffold mediated nerve, muscle, tendon/ligament and bone regeneration. Regardless of the efforts required for optimization, a shift in 3D scaffold uses from the laboratory into everyday life is expected in the near future as some of the methods discussed in this review become more streamlined.
“… Fig. 7 Nanofiber morphology via SEM is shown [129] . Part (A) shows the superfine diameter of the fibers, while (B) and (C) demonstrate the morphology before and after dipping in aqueous solution respectively.…”
Section: Types Of Bioactive 3d Structuresmentioning
A variety of engineered scaffolds have been created for tissue engineering using polymers, ceramics and their composites. Biomimicry has been adopted for majority of the three-dimensional (3D) scaffold design both in terms of physicochemical properties, as well as bioactivity for superior tissue regeneration. Scaffolds fabricated via salt leaching, particle sintering, hydrogels and lithography have been successful in promoting cell growth in vitro and tissue regeneration in vivo. Scaffold systems derived from decellularization of whole organs or tissues has been popular due to their assured biocompatibility and bioactivity. Traditional scaffold fabrication techniques often failed to create intricate structures with greater resolution, not reproducible and involved multiple steps. The 3D printing technology overcome several limitations of the traditional techniques and made it easier to adopt several thermoplastics and hydrogels to create micro-nanostructured scaffolds and devices for tissue engineering and drug delivery. This review highlights scaffold fabrication methodologies with a focus on optimizing scaffold performance through the matrix pores, bioactivity and degradation rate to enable tissue regeneration. Review highlights few examples of bioactive scaffold mediated nerve, muscle, tendon/ligament and bone regeneration. Regardless of the efforts required for optimization, a shift in 3D scaffold uses from the laboratory into everyday life is expected in the near future as some of the methods discussed in this review become more streamlined.
“…A) SEM images of composite nanofibers of PVA/graphene oxide (GO)/TiO 2 . B) SEM images of nanofibers after dipping in aqueous solution . C) SEM images of fracture surface of flax‐fiber‐reinforced laminates .…”
Section: Preparation and Characterizations Of Polymer Fiber Scaffoldsmentioning
Successful regeneration of weight-bearing bone defects and criticalsized cartilage defects remains a major challenge in clinical orthopedics. In the past decades, biodegradable polymer materials with biomimetic chemical and physical properties have been rapidly developed as ideal candidates for bone and cartilage tissue engineering scaffolds. Due to their unique advantages over other materials of high specific-surface areas, suitable mechanical strength, and tailorable characteristics, scaffolds made of polymer fibers have been increasingly used for the repair of bone and cartilage defects. This Review summarizes the preparation and compositions of polymer fibers, as well as their characteristics. More importantly, the applications of polymer fiber scaffolds with well-designed structures or unique properties in bone, cartilage, and osteochondral tissue engineering have been comprehensively highlighted. On the whole, such a comprehensive summary affords constructive suggestions for the development of polymer fiber scaffolds in bone and cartilage tissue engineering.
“…Plasma treatment was used to enhance the adsorption of antibodies on electrospun PS, polyethersulfone (PES), PCL, PLGA, PLA, and other polymers. 73,83,141,142 Ammonia plasma treatment can be used for aminating the polymer surface, as demonstrated for PAN EMs. 143 Finally, plasma treatment can be used to alter the wetting properties of the membranes.…”
Section: Immobilization Of the Receptor Layer On The Membrane Surfacementioning
confidence: 99%
“…A multiplex OSBEM for simultaneous immunodetection of AFP, carcinoembryonic antigen, and vascular endothelial growth factors has also been developed. 142 The assay was performed on electrospun PS by indirect immunofluorescence. After capturing the analyte by the immobilized antibodies, the detection antibodies were added, and the binding was detected using the secondary anti-species antibodies conjugated to a fluorophore.…”
Section: Performance Of the Biological Osbemsmentioning
Electrospun membranes are highly porous and have a large specific surface area. Their composition and morphology can be modified by multi-component blending and post-spinning modifications. These properties make electrospun membranes...
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