Simple Label-Free Electrochemical Immunosensor in a Microchamber for Detecting Newcastle Disease Virus

Abstract

In this study, a simple, label-free, electrochemical immunosensor system, including a three-electrode transducer and a microchamber, was designed, fabricated, and integrated with focus toward the detection of Newcastle disease virus (NDV). The chicken egg yolk antibodies (IgY) against NDV were used as the biological recognition element, replacing purified IgG antibodies that require a complex extraction process and time-consuming. The IgY against NDV was immobilized on the sensor surface using PrA/GA and SAM/NHS approaches. The immunosensor showed high sensitivity with NDV concentrations ranging from 106 to 102 EID50/mL with good specificity, repeatability, and small standard deviations. Compared to traditional methods, the immunosensor with advantages such as simple fabrication, quick response, direct detection, and possibility for miniaturization by integrating the immunosensor with the microchamber is potential for applications in contamination studies and field measurements.

Smart electrochemical immunosensing of aflatoxin B1 based on a palladium nanoparticle-boron nitride-coated carbon felt electrode for the wine industry

“…Then, formalin was pulsed for 1s, followed by exposure for 15s, and a final purge for 60s. (1:3 ratio) were dropped on the L-Cys/PdNP-BN/CF electrode at room temperature for 50 min to convert the terminal carboxylic groups to active NHS esters [54]. Then, the modified electrode was rinsed with PBS, and 20 µL of anti-AFB1 antibody solution (1.0 µg mL -1 in PBS) was spread over the L-Cys/PdNP-BN/CF electrode surface and incubated at 4.0 °C for 2h.…”

Perspectives for the creation of a new type of vaccine preparations based on pseudovirus particles using polio vaccine as an example

“…Electrochemical labels, electroactive mediators (ferrocene and ferricyanide), and enzymatic labels are used to record the electrochemical signal. Such immunosensors have been widely used to detect various types of viruses, including hepatitis B [157][158][159][160][161][162][163] and C [164][165][166][167], influenza viruses [168][169][170][171][172], Dengue [173][174][175], Zika [176], Japanese encephalitis [177,178], measles [179], Newcastle disease virus [180], and enterovirus [181]. These types of sensors are considered to be a complementary approach to traditional quantitative RT-PCR.…”

Silver Nanoparticles Decorated Polyaniline Nanowires-Based Electrochemical DNA Sensor: Two-step Electrochemical Synthesis

“…Biosensors have proven unlimited applications in a wide range of areas such as pathogenic virus detection, clinical diagnosis, environmental monitoring and food toxicological analysis. [1][2][3][4][5][6] The developments of microelectronics technologies, nanotechnologies and new materials have promoted the ability to fabricate and apply biosensors to meet the needs of society. 7,8 Especially, biosensors based on the electrochemical conversion are highly applicable in the analysis of biomedical objects because of their outstanding advantages such as fast analysis time, high sensitivity and selectivity, compactness, reasonable cost and high compatibility with advanced microchip technologies.…”

“…[13][14][15][16] Depending on the bioreceptors, the electrochemical biosensors can be applied to detect abundant targets including DNA, microRNA, small molecules, bacteria, viruses, antigens, or antibodies. 4,[17][18][19][20] In the case of the electrochemical DNA sensors, probe DNA immobilization technique on the sensor surface is an important factor contributing to improve the efficiency of the sensors. To increase the effect of DNA immobilization, the sensor surface needs to be modified by using an intermediate material layer to create functional groups that can form weak Van der Waals links, hydrogen bonds, or covalent bonds.…”