Similar Health Benefits of Endurance and High-Intensity Interval Training in Obese Children

Abstract

PurposeTo compare two modalities of exercise training (i.e., Endurance Training [ET] and High-Intensity Interval Training [HIT]) on health-related parameters in obese children aged between 8 and 12 years.MethodsThirty obese children were randomly allocated into either the ET or HIT group. The ET group performed a 30 to 60-minute continuous exercise at 80% of the peak heart rate (HR). The HIT group training performed 3 to 6 sets of 60-s sprint at 100% of the peak velocity interspersed by a 3-min active recovery period at 50% of the exercise velocity. HIT sessions last ∼70% less than ET sessions. At baseline and after 12 weeks of intervention, aerobic fitness, body composition and metabolic parameters were assessed.ResultsBoth the absolute (ET: 26.0%; HIT: 19.0%) and the relative VO2 peak (ET: 13.1%; HIT: 14.6%) were significantly increased in both groups after the intervention. Additionally, the total time of exercise (ET: 19.5%; HIT: 16.4%) and the peak velocity during the maximal graded cardiorespiratory test (ET: 16.9%; HIT: 13.4%) were significantly improved across interventions. Insulinemia (ET: 29.4%; HIT: 30.5%) and HOMA-index (ET: 42.8%; HIT: 37.0%) were significantly lower for both groups at POST when compared to PRE. Body mass was significantly reduced in the HIT (2.6%), but not in the ET group (1.2%). A significant reduction in BMI was observed for both groups after the intervention (ET: 3.0%; HIT: 5.0%). The responsiveness analysis revealed a very similar pattern of the most responsive variables among groups.ConclusionHIT and ET were equally effective in improving important health related parameters in obese youth.

Iron, Hematological Parameters and Blood Plasma Lipid Profile in Vitamin D Supplemented and Non-Supplemented Young Soccer Players Subjected to High-Intensity Interval Training

“…Moreover, the plasma lipid changes, including HDL-C, did not differ between SG and PG. Several studies have looked into the effect of intermittent training on total cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL-C, TG (30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)53) or VLDL, HDL and LDL lipoprotein particles (36). HIIT was shown to activate AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), thereby increasing the capacity for glucose and fatty acid oxidation (54,55).…”

“…The longer continuous interval and/or higher work : rest ratio has been suggested to be more effective in raising HDL-C and lowering TG in response to intermittent training (53). The studies demonstrating the increase in HDL-C used work : rest intervals .1 (34) or 1 : 1 (31,54), whereas ratios ,1 were ineffective (30,31,35,56). Musa et al (53) found a significant 18% increase in HDL-C and 18% decrease in atherogenic index (TC/HDL-C) in young untrained men in response to 8 wk of 1 : 1 work : rest training with an interval length of 4-5 min.…”

“…Several studies have looked into the effect of intermittent training on total cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL-C, TG (30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35) or VLDL, HDL and LDL lipoprotein particles (36). However, only a few studies examined the effect of interval training on iron metabolism.…”

Secular Trends in Anthropometrics and Physical Fitness of Young Portuguese School-Aged Children

“…According to several authors, physical fitness is not only an important value in contemporary society, but also has fundamental significance in the intent to be active. [1][2][3] Overall, physical fitness can be considered as the adjustment of individuals to the physical and social environment. 3,4 In the health context, physical fitness is generally defined as a state characterized by the ability to carry out daily vigour tasks demonstrating traits and capacities associated with low risk of premature development of hypokinetic diseases.…”

High Intensity Interval Training Vs Moderate Intensity Continuous Training in the Management of Metabolic Type Disease

“…Schjerve et al 22 examined the effectiveness of HIIT vs. MICT in a group of obese adults and reported similar significant decreases in body fat levels (~2.2% vs. ~2.5%, P<0.04), BMI (~0.6kg/m 2 vs. ~1.1kg/m 2 , P<0.04 and P<0.007 respectively), and body weight (~2% vs. ~3%, P<0.04). Corte de Araujo et al 23 also found HIIT and MICT to be equally effective at reducing BMI levels (~5% vs. ~3%, P<0.05) in a cohort of obese children, although HIIT was found to be more effective in reducing body weight (~2.6%, P<0.05 vs. ~1.2% NS). In contrast, Wallman et al 20 reported significantly greater reductions in android fat levels (0.7 effect size) with HIIT relative to MICT in overweight adults.…”