Similar distribution of<i>trans</i>fatty acid isomers in partially hydrogenated vegetable oils and adipose tissue of Canadians

Chen, Z. Y.; Ratnayake, W. M. N.; Fortier, Louis; Ross, Robert; Cunnane, S. C.

doi:10.1139/y95-093

Cited by 34 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…There is a difference not only in the total intake of trans-18:1 isomers but also in the distribution of individual isomers. The latter diagram compares well with those published by Emken (51) for the United States, and by Ratnayake (28) for Canada. However, it is likely that in these two countries, the raw materials that are hydrogenated may not be the same as in European countries (e.g., soybean in the United States, canola in Canada).…”

Section: During Two Periods With Corresponding Data For German Margarsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…A drawback of this procedure was that the shortest volatile fragments were prone to losses, and correction factors had to be applied to compensate for the unequal response of the flame-ionization detector vis à vis methylene and carboxylic groups. However, until recently, this analytical procedure was frequently applied to PHVO from several countries to gain insight into the trans-as well as the cis-18:1 isomer distributions (22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…16%, which is higher than the content of vaccenic acid that accounts for approximately 14%. Considering the ∆6 to ∆8 group, it is likely that the ∆8 is the predominant isomer (22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30). All other isomers are less than 10%, and appear rather variable quantitatively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Follow‐up of the Δ4 to Δ16 trans‐18∶1 isomer profile and content in French processed foods containing partially hydrogenated vegetable oils during the period 1995–1999. Analytical and nutritional implications

Wolff

Combe²,

Destaillats

et al. 2000

Lipids

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A survey of the total content of trans-18:1 acids and their detailed profile in French food lipids was conducted in 1995-1996, and 1999. For this purpose, 37 food items were chosen from their label indicating the presence of partially hydrogenated vegetable oils (PHVO) in their ingredients. The content as well as the detailed profile of these isomers was established by a combination of argentation thin-layer chromatography and gas liquid chromatography (GLC) on long polar capillary columns. With regard to the mean trans-18:1 acid contents of extracted PHVO, a significant decrease was observed between the two periods, i.e., from 26.9 to 11.8% of total fatty acids. However, only minor differences were noted in the mean relative distribution profiles of individual trans-18:1 isomers with ethylenic bonds between positions delta4 and delta16 for the two periods. The predominant isomer was delta9-18:1 (elaidic) acid, in the wide range 15.2-46.1% (mean, 27.9+/-7.2%) of total trans-18:1 acids, with the delta10 isomer ranked second, with a mean of 21.3% (range, 11.6 to 27.4%). The content of the unresolved delta6 to delta8 isomer group was higher than the delta11 isomer (vaccenic acid), representing on average 17.5 and 13.3%, respectively. Other isomers delta4, delta5, delta12, delta13/delta14, delta15, and delta16, were less than 10% each: 1.0, 1.6, 7.4, 7.1, 1.8, and 1.0%, respectively. However, considering individual food items, it was noted that none of the extracted PHVO were identical to one another, indicating a considerable diversity of such fats available to the food industry. A comparison of data for French foods with similar data recently established for Germany indicates that no gross differences occur in PHVO used by food industries in both countries. Estimates for the absolute mean consumption of individual isomers from ruminant fats and PHVO are made for the French population and compared to similarly reconstructed hypothetical profiles for Germany and North America. Differences occur in the total intake of trans-18:1 acids, but most important, in individual trans-18:1 isomer intake, with a particular increase of the delta6-delta8 to delta10 isomers with increasing consumption of PHVO. It is inferred from the present and earlier data that direct GLC of fatty acids is a faulty procedure that results (i) in variable underestimates of total trans-18:1 acids, (ii) in a loss of information as regards the assessment of individual isomeric trans-18:1 acids, and (iii) in the impossibility of comparing data obtained from human tissues if the relative contribution of dietary PHVO and ruminant fats is not known.

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Section: During Two Periods With Corresponding Data For German Margarsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Follow‐up of the Δ4 to Δ16 trans‐18∶1 isomer profile and content in French processed foods containing partially hydrogenated vegetable oils during the period 1995–1999. Analytical and nutritional implications

Wolff

Combe²,

Destaillats

et al. 2000

Lipids

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…On the other hand, trans fatty acids with 14 and 20-22 carbon atoms, and trans 18:3 isomers were below detection limits (0.01%) by GC. We noted that the 9t-16:1 level (0.06%), without contamination by branched-chain 17:0 fatty acids, was often lower than previously reported (15,25,(27)(28)(29). The origin of this isomer is ruminant fats (30) and partially hydrogenated fish oils (31).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 59%

Trans fatty acids in adipose tissue of French women in relation to their dietary sources

Boué

Combe

Billeaud

et al. 2000

Lipids

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This study reports the fatty acid composition of subcutaneous adipose tissue in French women with special emphasis on the content of trans fatty acids originating from two main dietary sources, ruminant fats and partially hydrogenated vegetable oils (PHVO). Adipose tissue trans fatty acid levels from 71 women, recruited between 1997 and 1998, were determined using a combination of capillary gas chromatography and silver nitrate thin-layer chromatography. Results indicate that on average cis monounsaturates accounted for 47.9% of total fatty acids, saturates for 32.2%, and linoleic acid for 14.4%. Cis n-3 polyunsaturates represented only 0.7%. Total content of trans fatty acids was 2.32 +/- 0.50%, consisting of trans 18:1 (1.97 +/- 0.49%), trans 18:2 (0.28 +/- 0.08%), and trans 16:1 (0.06 +/- 0.03%). Trans 18:3 isomers were not detectable. The level of trans fatty acids found in adipose tissue of French women was lower than those reported for Canada, the United States, and Northern European countries but higher than that determined in Spain. Therefore, trans fatty acid consumption in France appears to be intermediate between that of the United States or North Europe and that of Spain. Based on the equation of Enig et al., we estimated the mean daily trans 18:1 acid intake of French women at 1.9 g per person. The major trans 18:1 isomer in adipose tissue was delta11 trans, as in ruminant fats. Estimates of relative contribution of trans fatty acid intake were 55% from ruminant fats and 45% from PHVO. This pattern contrasts sharply with those established for Canada and the United States where PHVO is reported to be the major dietary source of trans fatty acids.

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“…Similar as Chen et al [53] for milk from Canadian women, Ohlrogge et al [64] concluded that the distribution of transdouble bonds in adipose tissue correlated closely with the composition of dietary partially hydrogenated fats. In newer studies investigating adipose tissue from 12 Canadians, Chen et al [68] could also confirm these findings by analysis of the trans-C18 : 1 isomeric distribution (fractionation by Ag-TLC followed by ozonolysis, GC). Further, Combe et al [69] published the fatty acid composition including trans fatty acids of adipose tissue from 71 French men and women.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 80%

C18 : 1, C18 : 2 and C18 : 3trans andcis fatty acid isomers including conjugatedcisδ9,transδ11 linoleic acid (CLA) as well as total fat composition of German human milk lipids

Precht

Molkentin

1999

Nahrung

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Similar distribution oftransfatty acid isomers in partially hydrogenated vegetable oils and adipose tissue of Canadians

Cited by 34 publications

References 28 publications

Follow‐up of the Δ4 to Δ16 trans‐18∶1 isomer profile and content in French processed foods containing partially hydrogenated vegetable oils during the period 1995–1999. Analytical and nutritional implications

Follow‐up of the Δ4 to Δ16 trans‐18∶1 isomer profile and content in French processed foods containing partially hydrogenated vegetable oils during the period 1995–1999. Analytical and nutritional implications

Trans fatty acids in adipose tissue of French women in relation to their dietary sources

C18 : 1, C18 : 2 and C18 : 3trans andcis fatty acid isomers including conjugatedcisδ9,transδ11 linoleic acid (CLA) as well as total fat composition of German human milk lipids

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