Silver nanoparticles anchored TiO2 nanotubes prepared using saponin extract as heterogeneous and recyclable catalysts for reduction of dyes

Nanotechnology and their Evaluation of Bi-Functional Applications

“…This is major form of remediation in our environment, as they can sense [17]- [21] clean-up heavy metals like mercury, lead, thallium, cadmium, arsenic from water source by process like photodegradation which otherwise is known to introduce ill effects on humans. Nanomaterials which are synthesized by different methods [22], different morphologies [23] will give different applications such as catalysis [24], photocatalysis [25]- [28] electrochemical sensors [29], [30], biomedical [31], [32], industrial [33]- [35] applications. The self-assembly nature of nanoparticles has enabled their usage in electric, electronic or optical equipment which presents an alternative to conventional silicon methods and thereby reduces the expenditure requirement and also facilitates flexible displays, organic electronic molecules, CNTs, and ceramics [36]- [38].…”

Photocatalytic Degradation of Rhodamine B Dye by Nanocomposites: A Review

“…A variety of possible photo-sensitive nano-semiconductor metal halide/oxides/sulphide, such as TiO2, ZnO, CuO, BiFeO3 and Carbon-based nanostructures have been produced and employed as photocatalysts for water purification, thanks to rapid advances in nanotechnology [11]. This innovative interdisciplinary branch of science and technology leads to the formation of different morphologies like nanoparticles [12-16][17], nanotubes [18,19], nanorods [20,21], nanocubes [22] and nanosheets [23] by using numerous advanced methods such as hydrothermal, solvothermal, sol-gel, microwave, co-precipitation methods [24] with different applications in many fields such as from basic chemistry [25][26][27][28], physics [29][30][31] to the advanced electronics [32][33][34][35][36], nanotechnology [37][38][39][40][41], biotechnology [42][43][44][45][46][47] by altering the properties like mechanical [17,48] physical [49][50][51] and magnetic [52,53] so they come up with an ideal of environmental friendly [54], with a motto of decreasing the pollutions [55,…”

Hydrothermal Synthesis of K2Ti6O13 Nanotubes/Nanoparticles: A Photodegradation Study on Methylene Blue and Rhodamine B Dyes

“…13−15 The new insight toward restraining the plight is degradation of these synthetic dyes in a much efficient way, considering the factors such as low cost, more reliability, and biodegradability, with high stability and reusability. 16,17 Many researchers have emerged with their interests and have successfully reported a few techniques in this regard such as conventional coagulation, 18 chemical precipitation, 19 reduction, 20 adsorption, 21 ion exchange, 22 electrolysis, 23 impregnation, 24 reverse osmosis, 25 and photocatalytic degradation. 26−29 Considerably, adsorption and photocatalytic degradation are the most commonly used techniques by the researchers as rejoinders for the plight of water contamination, treating them as efficient, economic, and ecofriendly approaches.…”

“…Synthetic dyes, − paints, leather, paper pulp, printing, fabric materials––textiles, cosmetics, and so on , are considered as the major sources of water pollution. The use of synthetic dyes is inexorable due to their wide range of applications owing to the fact that synthetic dyes are toxic, poorly biodegradable, and have hazardous characteristics causing the groundwater to pollute indelibly, further leading to health complications in humans and contamination of other water bodies. − The new insight toward restraining the plight is degradation of these synthetic dyes in a much efficient way, considering the factors such as low cost, more reliability, and biodegradability, with high stability and reusability. , Many researchers have emerged with their interests and have successfully reported a few techniques in this regard such as conventional coagulation, chemical precipitation, reduction, adsorption, ion exchange, electrolysis, impregnation, reverse osmosis, and photocatalytic degradation. − Considerably, adsorption and photocatalytic degradation are the most commonly used techniques by the researchers as rejoinders for the plight of water contamination, treating them as efficient, economic, and ecofriendly approaches. Methylene blue (MB) and rhodamine B (Rh B) dyes are commonly considered to mimic the wastewater, and many metal-oxide nanoparticles such as ZnO, TiO 2 , SnO 2 , Fe 2 O 3, MgO, V 2 O 5 , and so on are generally employed as efficient sources in photocatalyst applications. − …”