Silver carboxylate and titanium dioxide-polydimethylsiloxane coating decreases adherence of multi-drug resistant Serratia marcescens on spinal implant materials

Garcia, Dioscaris; Gilmore, Andrea; Berns, Ellis; Spake, Carole S.L.; Dockery, Dominique M; Vishwanath, Neel; Glasser, Jillian; Antoci, Valentin; Daniels, Alan H.; Born, Christopher T.

doi:10.1007/s43390-021-00380-w

Cited by 8 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Of these, Escherichia coli ( E. coli ) is the most reported, at 21% of cases. Other less common Gram-negative bacteria that cause VO include Proteus , Pseudomonas , Klebsiella , and Serratia species, both of which are typical of urinary and gastrointestinal tract infections, especially in immunosuppressed and diabetic populations [ 26 ].…”

Section: Microbiology Of Spinal Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic Cement Utilization for the Prophylaxis and Treatment of Infections in Spine Surgery: Basic Science Principles and Rationale for Clinical Use

Anderson

Osorio

Berns

et al. 2022

JCM

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Antibiotic bone cement (ABC) is an effective tool for the prophylaxis and treatment of osteomyelitis due to the controlled, sustained release of local antibiotics. ABC has been proven to be effective in the orthopedic fields of arthroplasty and extremity trauma, but the adoption of ABC in spine surgery is limited. The characteristics of ABC make it an optimal solution for treating vertebral osteomyelitis (VO), a serious complication following spine surgery, typically caused by bacterial and sometimes fungal and parasitic pathogens. VO can be devastating, as infection can result in pathogenic biofilms on instrumentation that is dangerous to remove. New techniques, such as kyphoplasty and novel vertebroplasty methods, could amplify the potential of ABC in spine surgery. However, caution should be exercised when using ABC as there is some evidence of toxicity to patients and surgeons, antibiotic allergies, bone cement structural impairment, and possible development of antibiotic resistance. The purpose of this article is to describe the basic science of antibiotic cement utilization and review its usage in spine surgery.

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Section: Microbiology Of Spinal Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic Cement Utilization for the Prophylaxis and Treatment of Infections in Spine Surgery: Basic Science Principles and Rationale for Clinical Use

Anderson

Osorio

Berns

et al. 2022

JCM

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“… 26 , 28 To address these concerns, silver carboxylate, a more novel formulation, has emerged as a likely safer and more efficacious alternative, especially as it potentially possesses several of the key novel antimicrobial traits mentioned previously. 20 , 22 , 23 , 29 – 32 Several studies on the formulation of silver matrices, antimicrobial activity, and cytotoxicity are currently being conducted to evaluate silver carboxylate as an effective clinical tool. 22 , 23 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 20 , 22 , 23 , 29 – 32 Several studies on the formulation of silver matrices, antimicrobial activity, and cytotoxicity are currently being conducted to evaluate silver carboxylate as an effective clinical tool. 22 , 23 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Silver also has significant potential for the treatment of multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens. A proprietary formulation of silver carboxylate (AgCar) that has undergone extensive validation 20 , 22 , 23 , 30 has emerged as a promising antimicrobial silver formulation due to a matrix chemistry that allows for a controlled and predictable loading and release of silver carboxylate. 29 – 31 This modification has been reported to result in an increase in duration of action, a decrease in toxicity and is a potential solution to maintaining longer bactericidal activity with an improved safety profile.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent work has investigated the efficacy of AgCar in a TiO 2 /PDMS matrix as an antimicrobial coating for commonly used orthopedic implant materials and prosthetic liners. 22 , 23 , 29 Tran et al (2013) initially investigated the cytotoxic effects of silver carboxylate in a titanium/siloxane coating on both in vitro osteoblasts and in vivo intramedullary nails in a goat model. For the in vitro experiments, osteoblast proliferation and viability were assessed using the WST-1 assay (Roche Applied Science, Indianapolis, IN, USA) and Staphylococcus aureus growth was assessed via optical density.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Silver Carboxylate as an Antibiotic-Independent Antimicrobial: A Review of Current Formulations, in vitro Efficacy, and Clinical Relevance

Mette

Connolly

Vishwanath

et al. 2022

MRAJ

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The increasing prevalence of multi-drug resistant pathogens has led to a renewed focus on the use of silver as an antibiotic-independent antimicrobial. Unfortunately, the use of many silver formulations may be limited by an uncontrolled release of silver with the potential for significant cytotoxic effects. Silver carboxylate (AgCar) has emerged as an alternative formulation of silver with the potential to mitigate these concerns while still displaying significant bactericidal activity. This article reviews the efficacy of silver carboxylate formulations as a promising novel antibiotic-independent antimicrobial. This study was conducted through a search of five electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science) for relevant studies up to September 2022. Searches were conducted for types of “silver carboxylate” formulations. Sources were compiled based on title and abstract and screened for inclusion based on relevance and study design. A review of the antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity of silver carboxylate was compiled based on this search. Current body of data suggests that silver carboxylate shows promise as an emerging antibiotic-independent antimicrobial, with significant bactericidal effects while minimizing cytotoxicity. Silver carboxylate addresses several of the limitations of more primitive formulations, including controlled dosing and fewer negative effects on eukaryotic cell lines. These factors are concentration-dependent and largely rely on the vehicle system used to deliver it. Although several silver carboxylate-based formulations like titanium dioxide/ polydimethylsiloxane (TiO2/PDMS) matrix-eluting AgCar have shown promising results in vitro, and could potentially be utilized independently or in conjunction with current and future antimicrobial therapies, there is a need for further in vivo studies to validate their overall safety and efficacy profile.

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Methods to improve antibacterial properties of PEEK: A review

Uysal,

Tezcaner,

Evis

2024

Biomed. Mater.

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As a thermoplastic and bioinert polymer, polyether ether ketone (PEEK) serves as spine implants, femoral stems, cranial implants, and joint arthroplasty implants due to its mechanical properties resembling the cortical bone, chemical stability, and radiolucency. Although there are standards and antibiotic treatments for infection control during and after surgery, the infection risk is lowered but can not be eliminated. The antibacterial properties of PEEK implants should be improved to provide better infection control. This review includes the strategies for enhancing the antibacterial properties of PEEK in four categories: immobilization of functional materials and functional groups, forming nanocomposites, changing surface topography, and coating with antibacterial material. The measuring methods of antibacterial properties of the current studies of PEEK are explained in detail under quantitative, qualitative, and in vivo methods. The mechanisms of bacterial inhibition by reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, contact killing, trap killing, and limited bacterial adhesion on hydrophobic surfaces are explained with corresponding antibacterial compounds or techniques. The prospective analysis of the current studies is done, and dual systems combining osteogenic and antibacterial agents immobilized on the surface of PEEK are found the promising solution for a better implant design.

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Silver carboxylate and titanium dioxide-polydimethylsiloxane coating decreases adherence of multi-drug resistant Serratia marcescens on spinal implant materials

Cited by 8 publications

References 31 publications

Antibiotic Cement Utilization for the Prophylaxis and Treatment of Infections in Spine Surgery: Basic Science Principles and Rationale for Clinical Use

Antibiotic Cement Utilization for the Prophylaxis and Treatment of Infections in Spine Surgery: Basic Science Principles and Rationale for Clinical Use

Silver Carboxylate as an Antibiotic-Independent Antimicrobial: A Review of Current Formulations, in vitro Efficacy, and Clinical Relevance

Methods to improve antibacterial properties of PEEK: A review

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