: diseño del estudio Luis Carlos Domínguez y Erik Leonardo Espitia: recolección de la información Todos los autores participaron en el análisis de los resultados y la escritura del manuscrito.Impacto de la estrategia de aula invertida en el ambiente de aprendizaje en cirugía: una comparación con la clase magistral Introducción. La Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad de La Sabana utiliza rutinariamente la clase magistral como una de las principales estrategias educativas en áreas clínicas. Desde 2012, se introdujo un "currículo en contexto" y la estrategia del aula invertida en el curso de cirugía. Objetivo. Comparar el impacto de la clase magistral con el del aula invertida en el ambiente de aprendizaje en cirugía.
Materiales y métodos. Se utilizó el cuestionario Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure(DREEM) en cuatro cohortes de estudiantes. Se analizaron los cinco dominios y la puntuación global del instrumento con ambas estrategias y se determinó el ANOVA (p<0,05). La consistencia interna se evaluó con el coeficiente alfa de Cronbach.Resultados. El cuestionario fue respondido por 207 participantes (hombres: 36 %; edad: 21,9 ± 1,49 años). La puntuación global del DREEM y la de sus dominios fueron mayores con la estrategia del aula invertida, lo que la situaría en un nivel de excelencia. No hubo diferencias entre el ANOVA de cada dominio y el de la puntuación global del cuestionario con el modelo de aula invertida, pero sí las hubo con la estrategia de clase magistral (p<0,01). Se encontraron elevados niveles de confiabilidad (Cronbach>0,90) para todas las mediciones en ambos ambientes y coherencia en todas las cohortes. Conclusiones. La puntuación de la estrategia de aula invertida en el cuestionario DREEM, se situó en un nivel de excelencia en comparación con la de la clase magistral. Es crucial determinar los factores que obtuvieron una puntuación negativa para promover el mejoramiento del entorno de aprendizaje, así como hacer mediciones en el tiempo para garantizar la calidad y el éxito de la estrategia.Palabras clave: aprendizaje, clases, cirugía general, educación médica, Colombia.
Materials and methods:The Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure (DREEM) questionnaire was administered to four cohorts of students. The five domains and the overall scores for both strategies were analyzed, and ANOVA was used to determine the differences among the domains (p<0.05). The internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient.Results: There were 207 participants (men: 36%) that completed the questionnaire (age: 21.9 ± 1.49 years old). The overall DREEM score and the subscales were higher with the flipped classroom, which suggests that this environment had a higher level of excellence. The ANOVA for each domain and the overall scores showed no differences with a flipped classroom. However, significant differences were identified in all domains and the overall scores with lectures (p<0.01). There were high levels of reliability (Cronbach>0.90) for all measurements in both environments, an...
BackgroundThe efficacy of protective ventilation in acute lung injury has validated its use in the operating room for patients undergoing thoracic surgery with one-lung ventilation (OLV). The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of two different modes of ventilation using low tidal volumes: pressure controlled ventilation (PCV) vs. volume controlled ventilation (VCV) on oxygenation and airway pressures during OLV.MethodsWe studied 41 patients scheduled for thoracoscopy surgery. After initial two-lung ventilation with VCV patients were randomly assigned to one of two groups. In one group OLV was started with VCV (tidal volume 6 mL/kg, PEEP 5) and after 30 minutes ventilation was switched to PCV (inspiratory pressure to provide a tidal volume of 6 mL/kg, PEEP 5) for the same time period. In the second group, ventilation modes were performed in reverse order. Airway pressures and blood gases were obtained at the end of each ventilatory mode.ResultsPaO2, PaCO2 and alveolar-arterial oxygen difference did not differ between PCV and VCV. Peak airway pressure was significantly lower in PCV compared with VCV (19.9 ± 3.8 cmH2O vs 23.1 ± 4.3 cmH2O; p < 0.001) without any significant differences in mean and plateau pressures.ConclusionsIn patients with good preoperative pulmonary function undergoing thoracoscopy surgery, the use of a protective lung ventilation strategy with VCV or PCV does not affect the oxygenation. PCV was associated with lower peak airway pressures.
Under a common range of complications, and considering the patient's preference and costs, total thyroidectomy should be selected as the most cost-effective treatment for patients with thyroid nodules and follicular patterns.
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