Silk scaffolds in bone tissue engineering: An overview

Potential of non-mulberry silk protein fibroin blended and grafted poly(Є-caprolactone) nanofibrous matrices for in vivo bone regeneration

“…In this particular case, silk fibroin from a non-mulberry species is grafted on the aminolyzed matrices. As remarked in the previous work, there are likely three contributing aspects that lead to better performance of NSF grafted scaffolds in vitro compared of NSF blended scaffolds: higher hydrophilicity, greater percentage of nitrogen on the surface, and higher surface roughness [11]. As the next step to in vitro investigations, the NSF blended as well as the NSF grafted matrices were implanted in rabbits (6 rabbits for each scaffold composition) as part of in vivo trials.…”

“…In comparison, the NSF blended matrix group shows a greater proportion of old bone, with new bone formations being seen in the peripheral regions. Better proliferation of osteoblastic cells, extensive ECM secretion, and enhances ossification found in the grafted matrices could be the result of their higher structural stability, compared to blended matrices [11]. NSF blended with PCL gets caught up in the core-sheath structure of the nanofibers, meaning that surface exposure of the NSF is minimised.…”

“…These silk worms were dissected to extract silk fibroin from their posterior silk glands. Details of this extraction process may be referred from our previous work [11]. The fibroin was solubilized in a room temperature, aqueous solution, containing 1 %w/v sodium dodecyl sulfate, 5 mM EDTA, and 10 mMTris (pH 8.0).…”

“…The NSF blended and grafted nanofibrous matrices were prepared following the detailed procedure from the previous work [11]. In brief, a 10 wt% solution of PCL was prepared in chloroform, at 37 °C.…”

“…In our previous study, we successfully fabricate NSF (2 wt %) blended and grafted PCL nanofibrous matrices, with aminolysis being used to accomplish grafting of NSF [11].…”