Siliconoma: Report of Two Cases

Bravo, Bruna Souza Félix; Balassiano, Laila Klotz Almeida de; Bastos, Julien Totti de; Rocha, Camila Roos Mariano da; Costa, Matheus Bruno; Cassia, Flávia de Freire; Bravo, Leonardo

doi:10.1007/s00266-016-0618-9

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Acutely following LSI administration, swelling and pain may occur at the injection site, but it can take up to 28 years for sequelae such as hyperpigmentation, necrosis, and granuloma to develop. 1,2,7,8 Systemically, granuloma formation secondary to silicone, termed siliconoma, rarely causes hypercalcemia through disordered production of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol by activated macrophages similar to sarcoidosis. [8][9][10] Elevated calcitriol and serum calcium with suppressed PTH are hallmark laboratory findings.…”

Section: Discussion/conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Historically, cosmetic liquid silicone injectables (LSI) gained popularity during World War II, becoming increasingly prevalent in the United States until soft tissue complications precipitated their ban in 1975. 1,2 LSI are not FDA-approved for cosmetic use; however, “black market” injections are sought out as cheaper alternatives to FDA-approved cosmetic fillers. Further, patients participate in cosmetic tourism to circumvent protective restrictions in the United States to inexpensively obtain enhancement abroad.…”

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confidence: 99%

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A Severe Case of Siliconoma-induced Hypercalcemia due to Illicit Gluteal Silicone Injections

Huff¹,

Mehta²,

Jacobs³

et al. 2022

Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery - Global Open

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Summary: Siliconoma-induced hypercalcemia is a rare complication of siliconoma, occurring secondary to a foreign body granulomatous process induced by the introduction of silicone into soft tissue. This is a case report of a woman presenting with sequelae of illicit silicone injections performed in an unknown woman’s basement in Florida 20 years before presentation. A 39-year-old woman presented with a 2-month history of 20-pound weight loss, malaise, and intractable vomiting with a remote history of unregulated cosmetic injections to the bilateral gluteal and thigh regions. Her laboratory studies were consistent with severe hypercalcemia secondary to a foreign body granulomatous process. Initially, she was medically managed, with mild improvements in her symptomatic hypercalcemia and later underwent palliative debridement with siliconoma removal. Postoperatively, her course was complicated by delayed wound healing and graft failure, but the surgical defect was later closed successfully with split-thickness skin grafting after months of wound care. Although the procedure was not intended to treat her hypercalcemia, there were significant improvements in serum and ionized calcium in the months following her procedure. Severe hypercalcemia in the context of previous unregulated cosmetic injections or possible silicone implant rupture should prompt consideration of siliconoma-induced hypercalcemia as the underlying etiology. In addition to the established utility of IV fluids, bisphosphonates, and glucocorticoids, there may also be a role for surgical intervention in the management of this unique patient population’s hypercalcemia.

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Section: Discussion/conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

A Severe Case of Siliconoma-induced Hypercalcemia due to Illicit Gluteal Silicone Injections

Huff¹,

Mehta²,

Jacobs³

et al. 2022

Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery - Global Open

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“…Complications serious and also development of ASIA syndrome. Several complications were mentioned by silicone injection in the breasts, legs, buttocks determining serious ulcers [9][10][11].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The loss of the breast determines important emotional disorders, especially for these patients, who often underwent the risks of a clandestine procedure aimed at aesthetics [4]. Another possibility is the breast reduction may be the alternative option for women with a history of liquid silicone injection that have no symptoms but desire to preserve their breasts and improve their aesthetics [10].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complications of Use of Injected Liquid Silicone in Breast: A Case Report

Zimmermmann¹,

Ambdr²,

Silva³

et al. 2018

Gen Med

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Silicone is any chemical polymer, manufactured in the form of a fluid, resin or elastomer which has a chain formed of alternating silicon and oxygen atoms, in the same way as organic compounds. They are used as polishing, sealing and protective agents. They are also waterproofing, lubricants and in medicine are used as basic material of prostheses. However, it has been reported the application of liquid silicone in body areas for aesthetic improvement.

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“…1,2 Silicone granuloma or siliconoma was first described as a direct result of liquid silicone injections, but these were banned by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 1991 due to numerous complications as well as the aesthetic and functional repercussions, often disastrous. [3][4][5][6] For this reason, silicone breast implants have since been preferred for breast reconstruction and augmentation. However, localized and systemic side-effects following silicone implants have also been reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of Contralateral Breast and Axillary Nodes Silicone Migration after Implant Rupture

Elahi

Meuwly

Meuwly³

et al. 2022

Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery - Global Open

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Background: Silicone implants were developed in 1962 for breast augmentation and became essential in reconstruction after mastectomy. Silicone “bleeding” has been described from both ruptured and intact implants and can induce disseminated granulomatosis due to the component's high fat solubility. If not adequately treated, they can lead to disastrous cosmetic and functional consequences. Because they may mimic malignancy, prompt and reliable diagnosis should be made as early as possible. Methods: We present a clinical case description of multiple intraparenchymal and ipsi/contralateral intraganglionic siliconomas in a woman who had undergone breast reconstruction, and a literature review of the pathophysiology of siliconomas and their diagnosis and management. Results: Silicone migration to the contralateral breast and lymph node is rare and has seldom been described. The mechanism is still debated. Excluding malignancy is a priority, and systematic management must be respected to avoid misdiagnosis or unnecessary investigations. Conclusions: A multidisciplinary approach is essential for siliconoma management. Silicone-related lymphadenopathies do not require follow-up or special treatment unless they interfere with the diagnosis of tumor recurrence. Careful observation is sufficient for asymptomatic siliconomas; however, symptomatic ones should be treated depending on skin involvement and the patient's eligibility for intervention.

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Siliconoma: Report of Two Cases

Abstract: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.

Cited by 6 publications

References 14 publications

A Severe Case of Siliconoma-induced Hypercalcemia due to Illicit Gluteal Silicone Injections

A Severe Case of Siliconoma-induced Hypercalcemia due to Illicit Gluteal Silicone Injections

Complications of Use of Injected Liquid Silicone in Breast: A Case Report

Management of Contralateral Breast and Axillary Nodes Silicone Migration after Implant Rupture

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