Silicon Probe Techniques for Large-Scale Multiunit Recording

Steenland, Hendrik W.; McNaughton, Bruce L.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-1969-7_2

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…From our simulations the stimulated tissue volume can be tailored from ~10 -5 to ~10 -3 mm 3 by changing the emitted power density from 1 mW/mm 2 to 8 mW/mm 2 for windows of 20×20 µm 2 , 40×40 µm 2 , and 60×60 µm 2 ( Supplementary Figure 4 ). Assuming a density of 3·10 4 neurons/mm 3 in mouse cortex [ 42 ], these volumes include from some to a few tens of neurons.…”

Section: Optical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tapered fibertrodes for optoelectrical neural interfacing in small brain volumes with reduced artefacts

et al. 2022

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Deciphering neural patterns underlying brain functions is essential to understand how neurons are organized into networks. This has been greatly facilitated by optogenetics and its combination with optoelectronic devices to control neural activity with millisecond temporal resolution and cell-type specificity. However, targeting small brain volumes causes photoelectric artefacts, in particular when light emission and recording sites are close to each other. We take advantage of the photonic properties of tapered fibers to develop integrated “fibertrodes” able to optically activate small brain volumes with abated photoelectric noise. Electrodes are positioned very close to light-emitting points by non-planar microfabrication, with angled light emission allowing simultaneous optogenetic manipulation and electrical readout of one to three neurons, with no photoelectric artefacts in vivo. The unconventional implementation of two-photon polymerization on the curved taper edge enables the fabrication of recoding sites all-around the implant, making fibertrodes a promising complement to planar microimplants.

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Section: Optical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tapered fibertrodes for optoelectrical neural interfacing in small brain volumes with reduced artefacts

et al. 2022

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“…Among a variety of MEMS-based neural probes with diverse geometries, materials, and fabrication techniques, the “Utah” and “Michigan” probe types illustrated in Figure 1 B have been most widely used as the standard architecture of microfabricated intracortical arrays [ 77 , 78 , 79 , 80 , 81 , 82 , 83 , 84 , 85 , 86 , 87 ]. Various types of flexible cortical electrode arrays have been demonstrated based on biocompatible polymers such as polyimide, silicone elastomers, parylene or liquid crystal polymers (LCPs) [ 88 , 89 , 90 , 91 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress on Non-Conventional Microfabricated Probes for the Chronic Recording of Cortical Neural Activity

Kim

Jeong

Kim

2019

Sensors

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Microfabrication technology for cortical interfaces has advanced rapidly over the past few decades for electrophysiological studies and neuroprosthetic devices offering the precise recording and stimulation of neural activity in the cortex. While various cortical microelectrode arrays have been extensively and successfully demonstrated in animal and clinical studies, there remains room for further improvement of the probe structure, materials, and fabrication technology, particularly for high-fidelity recording in chronic implantation. A variety of non-conventional probes featuring unique characteristics in their designs, materials and fabrication methods have been proposed to address the limitations of the conventional standard shank-type (“Utah-” or “Michigan-” type) devices. Such non-conventional probes include multi-sided arrays to avoid shielding and increase recording volumes, mesh- or thread-like arrays for minimized glial scarring and immune response, tube-type or cylindrical probes for three-dimensional (3D) recording and multi-modality, folded arrays for high conformability and 3D recording, self-softening or self-deployable probes for minimized tissue damage and extensions of the recording sites beyond gliosis, nanostructured probes to reduce the immune response, and cone-shaped electrodes for promoting tissue ingrowth and long-term recording stability. Herein, the recent progress with reference to the many different types of non-conventional arrays is reviewed while highlighting the challenges to be addressed and the microfabrication techniques necessary to implement such features.

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