Silicon interactions with manganese and aluminum toxicity in sorghum

Galvez, L.; Clark, R. B.; Gourley, L. M.; Maranville, J. W.

doi:10.1080/01904168709363642

Cited by 67 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The alleviative effect on Al toxicity by Si and its possible mechanisms have been examined most extensively. Interactions of Al and Si have been studied in at least eight plant species but contradictory findings have been reported Applying Si has thus been suggested as an alternative approach to detoxifying Al toxicity in tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum L.) (Peaslee and Frink, 1969), sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) (Galvez et al, 1987;Galvez and Clark, 1991;Baylis et al, 1994), and barley (Hordeum vugare L.) (Hammond et al, 1995;Liang et al, 2001).…”

Section: Mechanisms For Silicon-mediated Alleviation Of Metal Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of silicon-mediated alleviation of abiotic stresses in higher plants: A review

Liang

Sun

Zhu

et al. 2007

Environmental Pollution

961

605

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Although silicon (Si) is the second most abundant element both on the surface of the Earth's crust and in soils, it has not yet been listed among the essential elements for higher plants. However, the beneficial role of Si in stimulating the growth and development of many plant species has been generally recognized. Silicon is known to effectively mitigate various abiotic stresses such as manganese, aluminum and heavy metal toxicities, and salinity, drought, chilling and freezing stresses. However, mechanisms of Si-mediated alleviation of abiotic stresses remain poorly understood. The key mechanisms of Si-mediated alleviation of abiotic stresses in higher plants include: (1) stimulation of antioxidant systems in plants, (2) complexation or co-precipitation of toxic metal ions with Si, (3) immobilization of toxic metal ions in growth media, (4) uptake processes, and (5) compartmentation of metal ions within plants. Future research needs for Si-mediated alleviation of abiotic stresses are also discussed.

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Section: Mechanisms For Silicon-mediated Alleviation Of Metal Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of silicon-mediated alleviation of abiotic stresses in higher plants: A review

Liang

Sun

Zhu

et al. 2007

Environmental Pollution

961

605

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“…Si has been generally recognized to have a beneficial role in stimulating the various forms of growth and the biochemical contents of many plant species. Concerning growth responses, this element was found to enhance stem elongation and strength (Matichenkov and Kosobrukhov, 2004;Hull, 2004); stimulates root elongation, restores root growth and ameliorates root growth inhibition caused by either toxic heavy metals as Al and Mn or water and salt stresses (Matichenkov and Kosobrukhov, 2004), enhances shoot/root ratio and restores it (Galvez et al, 1987), increases the number of leaves ,number of tillers and panicles in rice (Liang et al, 1994), increases the seedling biomass and made them healthy and strong (Savant and Sawant, 1995), stimulates both the shoot and root dry weights of various plant species (Liang et al ,2007 ) and eventually has a remarkable positive effect during the reproductive growth stage of many crop plants which includes the number of spikelets / panicles, grainfilling, grain ripening, yield percentage and quality (Matichenkov and Calvert, 2002). At the biochemical level, Si application to various tested plants increases the content of photosynthetic pigment and chlorophyll whereas its deficiency causes the yellowing or browning of lower leaves and their necrosis (Savant et al, 1997;Gong et al, 2005;Nwugo and Huerta, 2008), it promotes photosynthetic rates through increasing both the photochemical efficiency of PSll, the stomatal conductance and the net assimilation rate of CO 2 (Savant et al, 1997;Matichenkov and Kosobrukhov, 2004), Gong et al, 2005;Nwugo and Huerta, 2008 ), this therefore improves the supply and the content of carbohydrates in treated plants (Matichenkov and Calvert, 2002 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable effects of diatomite on the growth criteria and phytochemical contents of Vicia faba plants

Abdalla¹

2010

ABJNA

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Recent scientific findings proved that silicon feeding will provide benefits to plant growth and yield depending on the source of Si, the mode of application , the concentration used, the plant species , the mode of action and the biotic or abiotic factor involved. To better understand the intrinsic properties of Si , this work was conducted using a series of diatomite (diatomaceous earth)at rates of 0,2.5, 5 and 10 g/kg soil, to look into the most subtle changes in the growth , yield, metabolism, electropharetic protein and isozyme pattern of faba bean ( Vicia faba) plant. Indeed, diatomite-treated plants displayed an over all better morphological increments expressed as shoot and root length , number of leaves and pods/ plant, fresh and dry weights of shoots and roots and physiological activity expressed as chlorophyll a,b and total pigments , total soluble sugars (TSS) and total sugars (TS), photosynthetic rate, leaf stomatal conductance, % of leaf relative humidity ( %LRH), net intercellular carbon dioxide (∆CO 2 ), total nitrogen (TN) and total soluble nitrogen (TSN) and the concentrations of phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium(Ca) and magnesium (Mg) than non-treated faba bean plants . Furthermore, diatomites (86-89 % SiO 2 ) induced and restored ten electrophoretic protein bands which confirmed their significance as an algal manure in accelarating the gene functions to perform, in an elevated rate, new silence genes to operate thus expressing new protein profiles. Soil fertilization by diatomites induced four esterase ( EST), three peroxidase (POD), two catalase (CAT) and three acid phosphatase (ACP) isozyme polymorphic bands which were absent in the control plants .The intensity and density of these bands were significantly increased in response to diatomite treatment. The impact of diatomite is time-dependent as it became more effective while the experiment continued and increased in a dose-related manner . Reversibly, diatomites application showed negative response in the transpiration rate and the values of both carotenoids, sodium and iron. This study highlighted the fact that diatomites are important component of the production system and should not be ignored when attempting to attribute causes for below optimum production

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“…In this sense, silicon (Si) application can be performed, since it may increase the plant's tolerance to elevated temperatures (Okamoto, 1969;Soundararajan et al, 2014), hydric deficit (Lux et al, 2002;Hattori et al, 2005), Mg toxicity (Galvez et al, 1987) e Al toxicity (Cocker et al, 1998) and salinity (Kafi and Rahimi, 2011). Silicon is absorbed by sorghum as opaline silicon (phytolites), increasing the growth rates and, therefore, crop production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological quality and dry mass production of Sorghum bicolor following silicon (Si) foliar application

Flores¹,

Arruda²,

Damin³

et al. 2018

Aust J Crop Sci

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The forthcoming of silicon (Si) highly soluble sources provided a suitable alternative to Si use in agroecosystems. There are many benefits associated to Si application in crops, such as improvement in feed quality. In this sense, the aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of Si foliar application on physiological quality, biomass production, and silicon accumulation in Sorghum bicolor. The experiment was conducted under greenhouse condition using an entirely randomized design, with five Si rates (0 as control), 0.84, 1.68, 2.52, and 3.36g L -1 of Si) applied as potassium and sodium silicate, with four repetitions. In each treatment, applied solutions were balanced in potassium in order to isolate the Si effect. The following measurements were taken: growth, biomass production, Si accumulation, and physiological quality. Supplying Si via leaves did not affect the sorghum growth rate and the relative chlorophyll index; however, leaf area increased 23% with the use of 2.36 g L -1 of Si. Physiological variables are influenced by increasing Si rates, with rates close to 1.68 g L -1 of Si causing the best photosynthetic rates and stomatal conductance. The use of potassium silicate as a source of silicon is an alternative for productivity increases up to 30%, but an economic study on the viability of its commercial application in the production chain of Sorghum bicolor is necessary.

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Silicon interactions with manganese and aluminum toxicity in sorghum

Cited by 67 publications

References 10 publications

Mechanisms of silicon-mediated alleviation of abiotic stresses in higher plants: A review

Mechanisms of silicon-mediated alleviation of abiotic stresses in higher plants: A review

Sustainable effects of diatomite on the growth criteria and phytochemical contents of Vicia faba plants

Physiological quality and dry mass production of Sorghum bicolor following silicon (Si) foliar application

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