Silica and Ash in Several Marsh Plants

Lanning, F. C.; Eleuterius, Lionel N.

doi:10.18785/grr.0701.07

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(18 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…These are values ranging from only one-tenth to one-half of the content of leaf blades, and husk phytoliths do not achieve good representation in soil profiles as often as do leaf and cob remains. With relation to the nonreproductive structures of herbaceous plants, leaves often contribute higher amount of silica (greater than twice) compared to the stems of such plants [52][53][54]. Stems of species whose leaves do not have a high silicon content correspondingly show little to no production.…”

Section: Patterns Of Silica Deposition and Distribution In Different mentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytoliths as Emerging Taxonomic Tools for Identification of Plants: An Overview

Shakoor

Bhat

2014

Journal of Botany

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In the recent advancements in identification of plant species, phytoliths have found an immense role in the identification of plants at different levels of taxonomic hierarchy. Many plant groups are known to accumulate silica in solid form in and between the cells and tissues and hence create the structures commonly known as phytoliths. These phytoliths create replicas of the structures where they are deposited. The shapes of phytolith replicas, their size dimensions (morphometric parameters), surface features (ornamentation), distribution, and orientation pattern in epidermal layers of vegetative and reproductive structures as well as their frequency are highly important for characterization of species. Monocotyledonous families particularly the family Poaceae (Gramineae) are known to produce diverse phytolith types that can serve as diagnostic markers for characterization of different taxa at different levels of taxonomic hierarchy. The present paper highlights the importance of phytoliths in taxonomic analysis of plants particularly in the family Poaceae.

show abstract

Section: Patterns Of Silica Deposition and Distribution In Different mentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytoliths as Emerging Taxonomic Tools for Identification of Plants: An Overview

Shakoor

Bhat

2014

Journal of Botany

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Among the non-reproductive parts of herbaceous plants, leaf often contains more than twice silica as stem (Lanning and Eleuterius 1981;Piperno and Pearsall 1998). In Oryza sativa, accumulation of silica is the maximum in inflorescence bracts (Jones and Handreck 1967), followed by leaf blade (13.4 % of dry matter), leaf sheath (12.3 %) and the least is found in roots (2.07 %).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of morphology and chemical composition of phytoliths on the surface of paddy straw

Anala

Nambisan

2014

Paddy Water Environ

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Silica though nutritionally insignificant plays important role in plants. Most of the silica from absorbed water is precipitated and deposited inside or between plant cells to form 'phytoliths' which provide mechanical strength and aid in protection from physical, chemical and biological stresses of the plant. Phytoliths occur in numerous monocot and dicot plants. These amorphous silica bodies take various shapes and sizes depending on their intracellular or intercellular templates, that certain morphological forms are even specific to families or species. In the present study, paddy straw samples were examined using scanning electron microscopy to visualise silica deposition (phytoliths) on the surface followed by Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopic analysis to determine the composition of the observed phytoliths. A protective coat of silica covering the entire surface of paddy straw, consisting of phytoliths of distinct shapes and sizes and diffused silica deposits, was observed. Phytoliths observed were morphologically different, some forms being exclusive to certain regions of paddy straw. Indiscrete deposits of silica were found between and around phytoliths. Elements like Fe, Al, K, Mg, Cu and Ca were detected in addition to Si, O and C in phytoliths indicating that phytolith deposition occurs as a part of the inherent mineral detoxification system in paddy. The surface silica deposits, being the first to encounter physical and biological stress factors, play the major role in resistance of the plant.

show abstract

“…The ash and silica content in other parts were in the order of, synflorescences>roots>culms. Higher amounts of silica in the leaves and synflorescences of grasses are well reported (Lanning and Eleuterius, 1981 , 1987 , 1989 ). The differential amounts of silica within and between different parts of the plant body have been correlated to the differences in the targeted cellular sites of silicification.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 75%

Taxonomic Demarcation of Setaria pumila (Poir.) Roem. & Schult., S. verticillata (L.) P. Beauv., and S. viridis (L.) P. Beauv. (Cenchrinae, Paniceae, Panicoideae, Poaceae) From Phytolith Signatures

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background and Aims: The role and significance of phytoliths in taxonomic diagnosis of grass species has been well documented with a focus on the types found in foliar epidermis and the synflorescence. The present paper is an attempt to broaden the scope of phytoliths in species diagnosis of grasses by developing phytolith signatures of some species of the foxtail genus Setaria P. Beauv. through in situ location and physico-chemical analysis of various phytolith morphotypes in different parts of the plant body.Methods: Clearing solution and dry ashing extraction methods were employed for in situ location and isolation of phytolith morphotypes respectively. Ultrastructural details were worked out by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy. Morphometric and frequency data of phytolith morphotypes were also recorded. Biochemical architecture of various phytolith types was worked out through SEM-EDX, XRD, and FTIR analysis. Data were analyzed through Principal Component Analysis and Cluster Analysis.Key Results: In situ location of phytoliths revealed species specific epidermal patterns. The presence of cystoliths (calcium oxalate crystals) in the costal regions of adaxial leaf surface of S. verticillata (L.) P. Beauv. is the first report for the genus Setaria. Our results revealed marked variations in epidermal ornamentation and undulation patterns with a novel “Λ” (Lamda) type of undulated ornamentation reported in S. verticillata. Dry ashing method revealed species specific clusters of phytolith morphotypes.Conclusions: The study revealed that phytoliths can play a significant role in resolution of taxonomic identity of three species of Setaria. Each species was marked out by a unique assemblage of phytolith morphotypes from various parts of the plant body. Apart from in situ location and epidermal patterning, diagnostic shapes, frequency distribution, size dimensions, and biochemical architecture emerged as complementary traits that help in developing robust phytolith signatures for plant species.

show abstract

Silica and Ash in Several Marsh Plants

Cited by 9 publications

References 21 publications

Phytoliths as Emerging Taxonomic Tools for Identification of Plants: An Overview

Phytoliths as Emerging Taxonomic Tools for Identification of Plants: An Overview

Study of morphology and chemical composition of phytoliths on the surface of paddy straw

Taxonomic Demarcation of Setaria pumila (Poir.) Roem. & Schult., S. verticillata (L.) P. Beauv., and S. viridis (L.) P. Beauv. (Cenchrinae, Paniceae, Panicoideae, Poaceae) From Phytolith Signatures

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About