Silanization induced inherent strain in graphene based filler influencing mechanical properties of polycarbonate urethane nanocomposite membranes

Thampi, Sudhin; Muthuvijayan, Vignesh; Ramesh, P.

doi:10.1039/c6ra21436c

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Adhesion molecules are also important in the regeneration of nerves as exemplified by SCs, secreting adhesion molecules in their natural milieu that promotes neural regeneration and remyelination . Graphene (G), a two-dimensional nanomaterial with its unique inherent properties, has found several applications, involving neural cell adhesion, regeneration, and in improving cell–material interactions . Thin sheets of graphene oxide (GO) derived from oxidation and exfoliation of graphite are a biocompatible entity that has the potential to mediate cell adhesion and differentiation for tissue regeneration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accelerated Outgrowth of Neurites on Graphene Oxide-Based Hybrid Electrospun Fibro-Porous Polymeric Substrates

Thampi

Thekkuveettil

Muthuvijayan

et al. 2020

ACS Appl. Bio Mater.

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Fabrication of a surface-engineered electrospun scaffold having biomimetic properties like the extracellular matrix (ECM) is essential for neural tissue engineering. An electroconductive and elastomeric scaffold with aligned fibers acting as a substrate may have a great impact on the directional outgrowth of neurites. In this study, we have electrospun electrically conductive, polyurethane-based elastomeric and topographically aligned fibro-porous neural scaffolds. Adhesive proteins of the ECM are documented to have an important role in controlling neuronal cell behavior, including cell adhesion, proliferation, and neurite outgrowth. These bio-adhesion proteins or nanomaterials mimicking their action, if used for surface modification of neural scaffolds, may have the potential to accelerate the nerve repair process. Thus, electrospun scaffolds fabricated were surface-engineered using a unique and modified single-step electrospraying technique to coat the scaffold surface with an exploratory bio-adhesion agent, a thin layer of graphene oxide (GO) films. The study was then carried out to determine if the GO-coated electrospun electroconductive polycarbonate urethane (PCU) substrate can improve the bio-interface attributes of these scaffolds or may alter the neurite outgrowth of PC-12 cells like any other bio-adhesion proteins. Therefore, the hybrid scaffolds with GO coatings were compared with similar scaffolds coated with poly-l-lysine (PLL) for neural cell adhesion, proliferation, and neurite extension. Neurite outgrowth studies showed that although the average neurite length was comparable on both GO- and PLL-coated surfaces, the length profile of neurites, when categorized based on length, showed an increased number of lengthier neurites on the GO-coated hybrid scaffolds. In particular, the study brings out an innovative surface engineering technique for the coating of GO on polymeric scaffolds. It may be further put together in designing of hybrid surfaces with nanotopographical biophysical cues on three-dimensional neural scaffolds, which in turn may stimulate an accelerated neuronal regeneration via providing an enhanced ECM like milieu.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accelerated Outgrowth of Neurites on Graphene Oxide-Based Hybrid Electrospun Fibro-Porous Polymeric Substrates

Thampi

Thekkuveettil

Muthuvijayan

et al. 2020

ACS Appl. Bio Mater.

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“…[9][10][11][12] In the case of graphene oxide, which is a rather economical (though non-conductive) alternative of graphene, a major problem as nanoller is the lack of interfacial bonding with the polymer matrix (due to its high hydrophilicity), therefore leading to poor dispersion and agglomeration of the nanosheets. [13][14][15] Nevertheless, GO has a vast amount of reactive functional groups, such as hydroxyl, epoxy, and carbonyl groups, [16][17][18][19][20] which provide reactive sites for surface modifying the nanosheets to tailor specic properties, such as enhancing their compatibility with polymer matrices. 15,21 Even though different surface modication techniques in GO have been previously explored, [22][23][24][25] in this work we take advantage of the high reactivity of alkylamines to modify the surface of GO.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bio-elastomer nanocomposites reinforced with surface-modified graphene oxide prepared via in situ coordination polymerization

et al. 2020

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“…Due to the characteristics of GO and PU, nanocomposites based on these materials are strong candidates to be used in biomedical devices when mechanical strength is required without drastically reducing the original flexibility of the matrix. Very few articles have been dedicated to the study of nanocomposites based on PCU and GO, however, the articles found in the specialized literature are dedicated to the use of high content of fillers or do not assess the real influence of the GO in the morphological structure of the segments present in the PCU and its consequences on mechanical and/ or themal properties of the nanocomposites 32,33 . The main goal of this work is to evaluate the impact on thermo and thermomechanical properties as well as the tensile properties of a soft formulation of medical grade poly(carbonate urethane) (PCU) when two distinct GOs with different levels of oxidation and morphology (number of layers and lateral size) are added using the solution blending process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Graphene Oxide on the Mechanical Behaviour of Polycarbonate-Urethane/Graphene Oxide Composites

et al. 2021

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A new generation of carbon-based materials such as graphene and graphene oxide (GO) have been widely studied due to their potential in a variety of applications including biomedical materials and devices. This work investigates the appropriate GO morphology and content to be used as a filler for a poly(carbonate urethane) (PCU) polymer in order to mechanical properties improvements. Two graphene oxides with different levels of oxidation and morphology were blended into a PCU matrix to obtain high mechanical performance and good flexibility. Nanocomposites of PCU and GO were produced with a filler content of 0.2 wt%, 0.4 wt%, and 2.0 wt%. Polymeric membranes were obtained using solvent evaporation and characterised by their thermal properties (Differential Scanning Calorimetry), thermo-mechanical (Dynamic-Mechanical Thermal Analysis), and mechanical test results (tensile). The results indicated that GO platelets tend to interact strongly with the hard segments (HS) of PCU chains due to the polar chemical similarity of GO and HS structures. Two mechanical behaviours were found for the PCU/GO-2 nanocomposites, at small and large deformations. Improvements in the Secant Modulus and values of stress until 350% of strain are observed for low filler content while high filler content is needed for improvements at break point (stress and strain). PCU/GO nanocomposites with high mechanical performance can be produced by adjusting the GO content and characteristics to reach different application possibilities.

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Silanization induced inherent strain in graphene based filler influencing mechanical properties of polycarbonate urethane nanocomposite membranes

Abstract: Nanosheet type fillers apart from their size and surface functional groups may have numerous attributes affecting the mechanical properties of polymeric nanocomposites.

Cited by 5 publications

References 29 publications

Accelerated Outgrowth of Neurites on Graphene Oxide-Based Hybrid Electrospun Fibro-Porous Polymeric Substrates

Accelerated Outgrowth of Neurites on Graphene Oxide-Based Hybrid Electrospun Fibro-Porous Polymeric Substrates

Bio-elastomer nanocomposites reinforced with surface-modified graphene oxide prepared via in situ coordination polymerization

Role of Graphene Oxide on the Mechanical Behaviour of Polycarbonate-Urethane/Graphene Oxide Composites

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