Silage and Milk Production, a Comparison Between Wilted and Unwilted Grass Silages Made With and Without Formic Acid

Castle, M. E.; Watson, J. N.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2494.1970.tb01204.x

Cited by 47 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Wilting the early-cut silage did not affect total milk yield during the indoor period, which is in agreement with other results (Castle and Watson, 1970;Butler, 1975;Derbyshire et al, 1976). As shown in Figure 1, the cows on the wilted silage treatments were producing less milk than those on the unwilted silage treatments by the end of the treatment period, and it is possible that, if the experimental period had been prolonged, offering wilted silage would have reduced total milk yield.…”

Section: Effect Of Silage Typesupporting

confidence: 91%

“…341 digestibility of grass silage at higher levels of supplementation. In addition, although wilting grass silage has generally produced no response in milk output (Castle and Watson, 1970;Butler, 1975;Derbyshire, Gordon and Waldo, 1976), few experiments have examined the value of wilted highdigestibility silage offered to cows during early lactation. The present experiment was therefore designed to investigate the effect on total lactation performance of January/February calving cows of giving grass silage ad libitum, which had been harvested at varying growth intervals and which had high and low dry-matter contents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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The effect of type of silage and level of concentrate supplementation offered during early lactation on total lactation performance of January/February calving cows

Steen¹,

Gordon²

1980

Anim. Sci.

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A 3 × 2 factorial design experiment using 84 British Friesian cows was conducted to assess the effect of offering three types of grass silage and two levels of concentrate supplementation during early lactation on the total lactation performance of cows which calve during January and February. The three types of silage were early-cut wilted (ECW), early-cut unwilted (ECU) and late-cut unwilted (LCU), and the two levels of concentrate supplementation were 538 kg (LC) and 738 kg (HC) during a mean post-calving period of 71 days. The animals had a mean calving date of 29 January and were blocked according to calving date, and allocated at random to the treatments within each block on day 7 of lactation. The treatments were applied from day 7 of lactation until the animals were turned out to pasture on 18 April. Mean milk yields for the indoor period were: HC treatments 1963 (ECW), 1979 (ECU) and 1830 (LCU); LC treatments 1938 (ECW), 1942 (ECU) and 1731 (LCU) ± 41·3 kg; and for the total lactation were: HC treatments 5375 (ECW), 5438 (ECU) and 5284 (LCU); LC treatments 5509 (ECW), 5529 (ECU) and 5316 (LCU) ± 184·1 kg. There was no significant interaction between silage type and level of concentrate supplementation.Milk composition, animal live weight and body condition were not significantly affected by either silage type or level of concentrate supplementation.

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Section: Effect Of Silage Typesupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The effect of type of silage and level of concentrate supplementation offered during early lactation on total lactation performance of January/February calving cows

Steen¹,

Gordon²

1980

Anim. Sci.

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“…The concentrations of acetic, propionic, and n-butyric acids in the untreated silages in both experiments are within the normal range for silages made from a variety of swards (McLeod et al 1970;Gordon et al 1961;Bryant and Lancaster 1970;Castle and Watson 1970).…”

Section: Organic Acids and 23-butanediolmentioning

confidence: 51%

“…The silage temperatures recorded during the 3 weeks after ensiling 'He considerably lower than reported by Castle and Watson (1970). Both silages can be considered to have undergone cold fermentation.…”

Section: Silage Fermentationmentioning

confidence: 61%

The effect of formaldehyde treatment on the chemical composition and nutritive value of silage

Barry

Fennessy

1972

New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research

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Two experiments were conducted in which solutions of formaldehyde (HCHO) were applied to clover-dominant herbage before conservation as high-moisture silage.In Experiment 1 the HCHO application rates were 0, 0.6, 1.1. 2.2, and 4.4% (wjw of the dry matter treated), and 15 kg quantities of the herbage were ensiled in small polythene containers. Rates of HCHO up to 2.2% decreased the content of acetic acid, increased the content of a compound identified as 2,3~butanediol, but had no effect on silage pH (4.74 units). The 4.4% rate decreased the contents of acetic acid and ?..3-butanediol to very low levels and increased the pH to 5.02 units. The two higher rates of HCHO decreased nitrogen (N) breakdown in the silages and reduced ammonia production ill vitro.In Experiment 2, untreated silage and silage treated with HCHO (1.7% wjw of the dry matter) were ensiled in 6000 kg polythene-covered stacks. Formaldehyde treatment decreased the contents of acetic, propionic, n-butyric, and lactic acids, decreased the extent of N breakdown. and increased pH. The treatment decreased the osmotic pressure and conductivity of silage juice by 25 and 19% respectively, 2.3-butanediol comprised 2.40/< of the dry matter and was unaffected by HCHO treatment.Untreated silage showed a strong buffering action to both sodium hydroxide and artificial saliva solutions. Formaldehyde treatment before ensiling eliminated this effect.Secondarv fermentation was apparent in a 30 em deep surface layer of HCHO-treated silage, but was not present to any marked extent in untreated silage.

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“…The data in Fig. 1 include the results from four silages in the present experiment, and seven silages in two earlier experiments (3,4). In these three experiments, the cows were all at similar stages of lactation and received virtually identical amounts of barley and groundnut cake.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Silage and Milk Production. A Comparison Between a Diploid and a Tetraploid Ryegrass

Castle

Watson

1971

Grass and Forage Science

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Two grass silages made in May and two made in August were compared in a 16-week winter-feediag experiment with 12 Ayrshire cows. The silages were fed ad lib. with a supplement of barley and groundnut cake. One of the silages made ia May and one made in August consisted of S24, a diploid variety of perennial ryegrass, and the other two of Reveille, a tetraploid variety of the same species. The silages made from Reveille had a higher content of lactic acid and a lower pH than those made from S24. The contents of digestihie organic matter in the silage DM made in May and August were 71 9 and 63 2%, respectively, for RevelUe and 68 7 and 60-9% for S24. Silage and total DM intakes were higher in the treatments where Reveille silages rather than S24 silages were fed. The mean daily milk yields from cows fed on the silages made in May and August were 39 6 and 34 5 lh (18 0 and 15 7 kg), respectively, for Reveille, and 38-0 and 341 lh (173 and 15-5 kg) for S24. The solids-not-fat (S.N.F.) and the crude protein contents of the milk averaged 8 64 and 3-29%, respectively, for Reveille, and 8 56 and 3 22% for S24. It is concluded (hat the silages made from Reveille were superior to those made from S24 as a feed for dairy cows.

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Silage and Milk Production, a Comparison Between Wilted and Unwilted Grass Silages Made With and Without Formic Acid

Cited by 47 publications

References 11 publications

The effect of type of silage and level of concentrate supplementation offered during early lactation on total lactation performance of January/February calving cows

The effect of type of silage and level of concentrate supplementation offered during early lactation on total lactation performance of January/February calving cows

The effect of formaldehyde treatment on the chemical composition and nutritive value of silage

Silage and Milk Production. A Comparison Between a Diploid and a Tetraploid Ryegrass

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