The effect of type of silage and level of concentrate supplementation offered during early lactation on total lactation performance of January/February calving cows

Steen, R. W. J.; Gordon, F. J.

doi:10.1017/s000335610002417x

Cited by 39 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The precision-wilted silage had a higher pH than the flial-direct silage, an effect which is usually obtained following wilting (Derbyshire et al, 1976;Steen and Gordon, 1980;Castle and Watson, 1982) and was also reported by Parker (1982) in a similar comparison to that reported here. Degree of chopping at harvest has generally not influenced silage pH when an effective additive has been applied (Gordon, 1982;Gordon and Unsworth, 1985) although Murphy (1983) has noted higher pH values when very long silages, produced by forage wagons, were compared with short chop material harvested via precision-chop harvester.…”

Section: Effect Of Harvesting Systemsupporting

confidence: 91%

The effect of system of silage harvesting and feeding on milk production

Gordon

1986

Grass and Forage Science

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Two silages were produced by harvesting grass either unwilted, using a direct cutting flail forage harvester (flail-direct), or wilted following precutting and being picked up using a meter-chop harvester (precision-wilted). Formic acid was applied at the rates of 2-45 and 2-9 1 t"' for the flail-direct and precision-wilted silages, respectively. Weather conditions were difficult, both before and during harvesting with a total of 27 mm rainfall falling on the wilted herbage before ensiling.The in-silo dry matter losses were 199 and 68 g kg"' for the flail-direct and precision-wilted silages, respectively. The resulting silages had mean particle lengths of 49 and 24 mm, dry matter contents of 186 and 276 g kg-' and Dvalues of 0 68 and 0 62 for the flail-direct and precision-wilted silages, respectively. During a 141-day feeding period commencing on 19 November, the two silages were offered to 88 British Friesian cows with a mean calving date of 21 January and divided into four groups in a 2x2 factorial design experiment. The silos were divided longitudinally and two groups of cows were self-fed the silages in situ, one for each silage type, while the other two groups were easy-fed the same silages along a feed fence.There were no significant interactions between system of silage harvesting and feeding on any of the measurements of animal performance. Animals on the flail-direct silage consumed 16% less

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Section: Effect Of Harvesting Systemsupporting

confidence: 91%

The effect of system of silage harvesting and feeding on milk production

Gordon

1986

Grass and Forage Science

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“…This small reduction in milk yield following wilting is directly in line with that reported in other studies from this Institute (Gordon, 1980a;Steen and Gordon, 1980;Gordon, 1981) and has also been obtained elsewhere Watson, 1982 and. This small reduction in milk yield following wilting is directly in line with that reported in other studies from this Institute (Gordon, 1980a;Steen and Gordon, 1980;Gordon, 1981) and has also been obtained elsewhere Watson, 1982 and.…”

Section: Effect Of Wilting Of Grass For Silagesupporting

confidence: 90%

The utilization of wilted and unwilted silages by lactating cows and the influence of changes in the protein and energy concentration of the supplement offered

Gordon

Peoples

1986

Anim. Sci.

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Twenty-four lactating British Friesian cows were used in a four-period partially balanced change-over design experiment to evaluate eight treatments consisting of two silage types (wilted and unwilted), each offered in addition to supplements containing both two crude protein (CP) levels (160 and 210 g/kg fresh weight) and two energy levels (10-8 and 12-9 MJ metabolizable energy (ME) per kg fresh weight) obtained by including 100 g spray-dried tallow per kg, in a 2 x 2 x 2 factorial arrangement. All supplements were offered at ttie same rate of 6-8 kg/day and total diet digestibility and food utilization studies were carried out on all animals at the end of the final period of the experiment. A separate twoperiod change-over design expeximent, using two lactating cows fitted with rumen cannulae, was undertaken to determine the influence of the two silages on volatile fatty acid (VFA) proportions in the rumen and to measure the rates of disappearance of dry matter (DM) and nitrogen in the silages and supplements from the rumen.There were no significant interactions between silage and supplement type in terms of animal performance. Animals offered unwilted silage consumed proportionately 003 less DM but produced 0-03 more milk than those offered wilted silage. Although total diet digestibility was not influenced by silage type because of the higher gross energy concentration of the unwilted silage the ME intake with this diet was higher than with the diet based on wilted silage and the ratios of milk energy output to ME available for production (0-54) were similar with both silages. Silage type had no effect on the rumen VFA proportions but influenced the jates of disappearance of DM and nitrogen from the rumen.Increasing the CP concentratioryof the supplement had no effect on the intake of silage DM but resulted in a significant incnja^e in milk yield (0-55 kg/day) but due to a reduction in milk fat concentration there was np^-etfect on yield of either fat-corrected milk or milk energy. The use of the higher energy supplement depressed the intake of silage DM by 0-46 kg/day but resulted in an increase in milk yield of 0-74 kg/day. Neither CP nor energy concentration of the supplement had any effect on DM or energy digestibility of the total diet but there were considerable differences between supplements in the patterns of nitrogen and DM disappearance from the rumen. ZIMMER, E. and WILKINS, R. J. 1984. Eurowilt. Efficiency of silage systems. A comparison between unwilted and wilted silages. Landbauforschung, Volkenrode, Sonderheft 69: 88.

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“…The precision-wilted silage had a higher pH, in line with the high degree of wilting used in the present study (Steen and Gordon, 1980;Derbyshire et al., 1976;Gordon, 1981), reflecting the lower level of acid production recorded and similar to that reported by McDonald et al, (1968). However, there were also higher ammonia and butyric acid contents with the precisionwilted silage suggesting that while fermentations in both silages were good the flail-direct silage was more stable than the precision-wilted.…”

Section: Effect Of Harvesting Systemsupporting

confidence: 87%

The influence of the system of silage harvesting and feeding and the use of protected protein on milk production

Gordon¹

1987

Grass and Forage Science

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The study compared two systems of silage harvesting, direct-cutting flail harvesting (flaildirect) or pre-cutting, followed by wilting and collection by a meter-chop harvester (precisionwilted). Each silage was self or easy fed to dairy cows. In addition, the response to protected soya bean meal included in the supplementary concentrate was also examined.Approximately 400 t of each of the two silages were produced from the same swards under good weather conditions with formic acid applied as an additive. The resulting silages were well preserved and had mean particle lengths of 43 and 29-mm, and D-values of 0-74 and 0-71 for the flail-direct and precision-wilted silages, respectively. During a 159-d feeding period commencing on 5 November, the silages were offered to 88 British Friesian cows in a 2' factorial design, continuous feeding experiment. The cows calved during the experiment and had a mean calving date of 18 January. The feeding treatments involved both silage types, two systems of silage feeding (self and easy) and two sources of protein in the supplementary concentrate given after calving (soya bean or 100 g kg"' protected soya bean). No concentrates were offered pre-calving and all animals were given 7-6 kg d~' concentrates postcalving.There were no significant interactions between the system of silage harvesting and feeding.

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The effect of type of silage and level of concentrate supplementation offered during early lactation on total lactation performance of January/February calving cows

Cited by 39 publications

References 11 publications

The effect of system of silage harvesting and feeding on milk production

The effect of system of silage harvesting and feeding on milk production

The utilization of wilted and unwilted silages by lactating cows and the influence of changes in the protein and energy concentration of the supplement offered

The influence of the system of silage harvesting and feeding and the use of protected protein on milk production

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