Sıklığa Maruz Bırakılmış Broylerlerde Rasyona Organik ve Inorganik Manganez İlavesinin Kemik Özellikleri, Aşılara Karşı İmmun Yanıt ve Oksidatif Stres Durumuna Etkileri

Abstract

This study was carried out to determine the effects of organic and inorganic manganese (Mn) at different levels supplemented to diets of the broilers under stocking density stress on bone characteristics, immune response to vaccine and oxidative stress. A total of 1000, day-old broiler chicks were divided into one control group and nine treatment groups, each consisting of 100 chicks. They were randomly located at a density of 0.064 kg/m 2 until reaching seven days of age and in the compartments with 2 m 2 space at a density of 60 kg/m 2 until they are 49 days old. The control group was fed the basal diet only, whereas experimental groups were fed with basal diet supplemented with organic Mn (6.25, 12.5 and 25 mg/kg of Mn-methionine), inorganic Mn (12.5, 25 and 50 mg/kg Mn-oxide) and organic + inorganic Mn (3.125+6.25, 6.25+12.5 and 12.5+25 mg/kg Mn-methionine + Mn-oxide). There were no changes on days 25 and 49 in terms of physical properties such as humerus, femur and tibia as well as tibia fracture resistance and tibial metaphyseal chondral tissue lenght in all experimental groups (P>0.05). Tibia bone elasticity was higher in the 50 mg/kg Mn-oxide group compared to the control and other groups on day 49 (P<0.05). The serum calcium level on day 25 increased in the 6.25 and 12.5 mg/kg Mn-methionine and 6.25+12.5 mg/kg Mn-methionine + Mn-oxide groups (P<0.01). Antibody titre against Newcastle Disease Virus in Mn-methionine group on day 25 and titer against Infectious Bursal Disease in Mn-methionine and Mn-oxide groups on day 49 were higher compared to the control group (P<0.01). Serum levels of malondialdehyde and nitric oxide on day 49 decreased in all exprimental groups, whereas serum glutathione level increased in the same groups (P<0.01). As a result, dietary Mn supplementation to broilers hosted at 60 kg/m 2 of stocking density increased immune response and antioxidant activity by reducing the impact of density stress; yet, did not affect the physical properties of the bone. The effects of organic and inorganic forms of Mn on the examined properties were concluded to be similar. 'lik bölmelerde 60 kg/m 2 sıklıkta barındırıldı. Kontrol grubu temel rasyonla, deneme grupları ise temel rasyona sırasıyla 6.25, 12.5 ve 25 mg/kg düzeylerinde organik Mn (Mn-metiyonin), 12.5, 25 ve 50 mg/ kg inorganik Mn (Mn-oksit), 3.125+6.25, 6.25+12.5 ve 12.5+25 mg/kg organic + inorganik Mn (Mn-metiyonin + Mn-oksit) ilave edilerek beslendi. Araştırmanın 25. ve 49. günlerinde broylerlerde humerus, femur ve tibiaya ait incelenen fiziksel özellikler ile tibia kırılma mukavemetinin ve tibial metafizyal kıkırdak doku uzunluğutüm deneme gruplarında değişmediği belirlendi (P>0.05). Tibia kemiği elastikiyeti 49. günde 50 mg/kg Mn-oksit grubunda kontrol ve diğer gruplara göre yüksek bulundu (P<0.05). Serum kalsiyum düzeyinin 25. günde 6.25 ve 12.5 mg/kg Mn-metiyonin ile 6.25+12.5 mg/kg Mn-metiyonin + Mn-oksit gruplarında arttığı belirlendi (P<0.01). Newcastle hastalığı virusuna karşı antikor titresinin 25. günde Mn-metiyonin, Enfe...