Signs of temporomandibular joint dysfunction in individuals with different dentition defects and unequal preservation of antagonist pairs of teeth

Abstract

As a result of examination and questionnaire of 143 patients who applied for orthopedic treatment of defects of teeth and dental rows, it was found that signs of dysfunction of temporomandibular joint with preserved dental rows are diagnosed in 36—55% cases, and with defects of dental rows — in 45—90% cases. The absence of eighth teeth in the dental row does not significantly change the functional state of the dental-jaw system. A statistically significant frequency of signs of EHS dysfunction has been identified among individuals having terminal dentition defects.In patients with terminal dentition defects, each 3rd patient is diagnosed with cochleovestibular syndrome, and in each 2nd, sounds are determined in the area of VNHS when the lower jaw moves. It has been found that if 15—13 and 12—11 pairs of antagonist teeth are preserved, the signs of dysfunction are determined in 55—45% cases, if the number of teeth having antagonists is reduced to 10—5 (in 90.0% these are patients with preserved 7—8 pairs of antagonist teeth), then the frequency of dysfunction signs increases to 75.0% (t1-3=1.33; t2-3=2.00), in such patients significantly more often — in 75.0% of cases, mandibular deviation is diagnosed when opening and closing the mouth than in persons with a large number of preserved antagonist teeth, respectively 55.0% (t=2.66) and 45.0% (t=3.93) in 1 and 2 groups. Thus, the identification of such signs as crunching, clicking in the joints, hearing loss or tinnitus, suggests the presence of intra-articular disorders in such patients. The deviation of the jaw from its main trajectory when opening the mouth indicates the possible involvement of the masticators muscles in the pathological process. All this requires the dentist to carry out early diagnosis and timely orthopedic treatment.

Assessment of orthopedic treatment quality in patients with complete absence of teeth

“…Стоматологическое ортопедическое ле чение пациентов с полным отсутствием зубов представляет интерес для практикующих специалистов в связи с высокой распростра ненностью заболеваний, развивающихся на его фоне функциональных и морфологиче ских нарушений, формирующимися вследст вие утраты зубов, что затрагивает все звенья зубочелюстного аппарата [1][2][3]. Применение полных съемных пластиночных протезов остается самым распространенным методом восстановления жевательной функции у дан ной категории пациентов [4][5][6][7][8].…”