Significant improvement of the emission property of Spindt-type platinum field emitters by operation in carbon monoxide ambient

Gotoh, Yasuhito; Nozaki, D.; Tsuji, Hiroshi; Ishikawa, Junzo; Nakatani, Toshio; Sakashita, Tatsuo; Betsui, K.

doi:10.1063/1.127053

Cited by 15 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(7 reference statements)

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“…3,4 We can compare the emission characteristics among the different cathode materials, and also those of the Pt emitters before and after the CO treatment which greatly enhances the emission property. 5,14 Figure 3 shows the SKN plot for different cathode materials. Although the cone half angle of these emitters is different, the noise power of the emitter which is located at the upper right is lower than that at the lower left.…”

Section: B Spindt-type Field Emittersmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…In a previous article, 2,9 we described the equi-line with inversely proportional relation between S and K. The empirical relation seems to have linear relation with a negative slope. 5,12 This linear relation is considered to be equi-line. 13 We also argued the relation between the parameters which gives linear relation, 13 but currently quantitative arguments are not possible.…”

Section: Sk Chartmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relationship between work function and current fluctuation of field emitters: Use of SK chart for evaluation of work function

Gotoh¹,

Tsuji²,

Ishikawa³

2001

Journal of Vacuum Science &Amp; Technology B: Microelectronics and Nanometer Structures Processing, Measurement, and Phenomena

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The relation between the work function and current fluctuation was investigated for various kinds of emitters: element metals, transition metal nitrides, and diamonds. Since these deposited emitters have no good standard, it is difficult to distinguish the effect of work function and the other physical parameters such as apex radius. In order to distinguish these effects, we propose a unique technique of the SK chart and plotting the Fowler–Nordheim characteristics in the SK chart in accordance with the magnitude of the noise power: SKN plot. The SKN plot clearly exhibits the relation between physical parameters and current fluctuation and it was found that the emitter with lower work function shows lower current fluctuation.

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Section: B Spindt-type Field Emittersmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Sk Chartmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between work function and current fluctuation of field emitters: Use of SK chart for evaluation of work function

Gotoh¹,

Tsuji²,

Ishikawa³

2001

Journal of Vacuum Science &Amp; Technology B: Microelectronics and Nanometer Structures Processing, Measurement, and Phenomena

Self Cite

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show abstract

“…We also examined the resistance against hydrogen (H 2 ), oxygen (O 2 ), and carbon monoxide ͑CO͒ gas exposure. Among the gases investigated, CO improved the emission property significantly 22 and also the resistance against O 2 was improved. 23 We summarize these results here in this article.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Electron emission properties of Spindt-type platinum field emission cathodes

Gotoh

Nagao

Nozaki

et al. 2004

Journal of Applied Physics

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Electron emission properties of Spindt-type platinum field emission cathodes were investigated. The current-voltage characteristics together with the current fluctuation during long term operation were evaluated in ultrahigh vacuum. The changes of the emission properties in hydrogen, oxygen or carbon monoxide gas ambient were also investigated. Significant improvement of the emission properties was found when the cathode was operated in carbon monoxide ambient under a certain condition. It was found that the effect of the improvement lasted at least 200 h, and resistance against the oxygen exposure was also improved. The changes of the electron emission properties during long term operation in ultrahigh vacuum and in gas ambient were analyzed with the Seppen-Katamuki chart, of which ordinate and abscissa are slope and intercept of Fowler-Nordheim plot. The electron emission properties were distributed along a straight line in the Seppen-Katamuki chart, and those of the cathode improved by carbon monoxide exposure were distributed along another line. The deviation of the electron emission property in ultrahigh vacuum was considered to be due to change in the geometry of the emitting surface. The major reason for the modification of electron emission properties in carbon monoxide ambient was considered to be deposition of carbon onto the emitting surface, resulting in reduction of the work function. From the deviation of the Fowler-Nordheim characteristics in the Seppen-Katamuki chart, we presented an empirical equation for field emission.

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“…One solution is to plot the slope and intercept of the FN plot ͑SI chart͒. 6 On the SI chart, one FN plot is plotted as one point. Then, the points of identical work functions are aligned on a straight line regardless of the profile of a tip apex.…”

Section: A Field Emissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scanning atom probe study of graphite nanofibers

Nishikawa

Taniguchi

Ushirozawa³

2008

Journal of Vacuum Science &Amp; Technology B: Microelectronics and Nanometer Structures Processing, Measurement, and Phenomena

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Field emission characteristics of graphite nanofibers (GNFs) are studied by operating a scanning atom probe as a field emission microscope. The Fowler-Nordheim plot indicates that the work function of GNF is larger than that of carbon nanotubes and is comparable to tungsten. Field emission patterns indicate that electrons are emitted from the edges of graphene sheets in the direction perpendicular to the GNF axis. The ratio of the field emission voltage and that of the field evaporation voltage implies that the binding between the graphene sheets is weak. The field evaporated cluster ions of carbon and hydrogen indicate that hydrogen is not distributed randomly but is forming the characteristic carbon-hydrogen cluster, C23H2. The proposed structure of the cluster is the triangularly arranged six hexagonal cells with hydrogen terminated two carbon atoms and an extra carbon atom.

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Significant improvement of the emission property of Spindt-type platinum field emitters by operation in carbon monoxide ambient

Abstract: Emission characteristics of Spindt-type platinum field emitters improved by operation in carbon monoxide ambient J.

Cited by 15 publications

References 13 publications

Relationship between work function and current fluctuation of field emitters: Use of SK chart for evaluation of work function

Relationship between work function and current fluctuation of field emitters: Use of SK chart for evaluation of work function

Electron emission properties of Spindt-type platinum field emission cathodes

Scanning atom probe study of graphite nanofibers

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