Significant Decreased Expressions of CaN, VEGF, SLC39A6 and SFRP1 in MDA-MB-231 Xenograft Breast Tumor Mice Treated with Moringa oleifera Leaves and Seed Residue (MOLSr) Extracts

Abstract

Moringa oleifera is a miracle plant with many nutritional and medicinal properties. Chemopreventive values of the combined mixture of moringa leaves and seed residue (MOLSr) at different ratios (M1S9, M1S1 and M9S1) were investigated. MOLSr extracts were subjected to phytochemical screening, antioxidant assays, metabolite profiling and cytotoxic activity on the primary mammary epithelial cells (PMECs), non-malignant Chang’s liver cells and various human cancer cell lines (including breast, cervical, colon and liver cancer cell lines). The MOLSr ratio with the most potent cytotoxic activity was used in xenograft mice injected with MDA-MB-231 cells for in vivo tumorigenicity study as well as further protein and gene expression studies. M1S9, specifically composed of saponin and amino acid, retained the lowest antioxidant activity but the highest glucosinolate content as compared to other ratios. Cell viability decreased significantly in MCF-7 breast cancer cells and PMECs after treatment with M1S9. Solid tumor from MDA-MB-231 xenograft mice was inhibited by up to 64.5% at third week after treatment with high-dose M1S9. High-dose M1S9 significantly decreased the expression of calcineurin (CaN) and vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF) proteins as well as the secreted frizzled-related protein 1 (SFRP1) and solute carrier family 39 member 6 (SLC39A6) genes. This study provides new scientific evidence for the chemoprevention potential of MOLSr extracts in a breast cancer model; however, the precise mechanism warrants further investigation.

Cellular zinc metabolism and zinc signaling: from biological functions to diseases and therapeutic targets

“…In addition to ADCs targeting ZIP6, a few small molecules have been reported. For instance, M9S1 extracted from Moringa oleifera significantly downregulated the expression of ZIP6 in MDA-MB-231 tumor, 602 treatment with STAT3 inhibitor peptide, cell-permeable (#573096, Sigma). Besides, the antiestrogens (Faslodex and 4‐hydroxytamoxifen, each 100 nM) also indicated that the expression of LIV-1 was decreased in MCF7 cells.…”

Glucosinolate Diversity Analysis in Choy Sum (Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis var. parachinensis) Germplasms for Functional Food Breeding

“…The selected genetic materials, in order of the number of accessions, originated from Malaysia (5), Thailand (5), Taiwan (4), Vietnam (2), China (2), Mauritius (2), India (1), Laos (1), and Bangladesh (1). With regard to their biological status, they were segregated as landraces (17) and cultivars (6) (Table 1).…”

“…italic ), etc., and are representative secondary metabolites of plants that also play a role in protecting plants from attacks by viruses or pests [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ]. In terms of their value to humans, glucosinolates are potential compounds that have been well established for their anti-cancer as well as antioxidant functions [ 16 , 17 ].…”

Redox modulation by plant polyphenols targeting vitagenes for chemoprevention and therapy: Relevance to novel anti-cancer interventions and mini-brain organoid technology

“…Moringa oleifera (MO) is a traditional medicinal tree belonging to the Moringaceae family which has shown great potential as complementary and alternate medicine in cancer [178]. Emerging evidence highlighted the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, apoptotic and antiproliferative effects of MO in vitro and in vivo [179][180][181]. Consistently, MO up-regulated some pro-apoptotic proteins such as Bax, p21, and p53 whereas modulated nuclear translocation of NF-κB in cancer cells in a concentration-and time-dependent manner [179].…”