Significant [C3a] Increase in Free Flaps After Prolonged Ischemia

Brueggemann, Anne; Noltze, Ariel; Lange, Thomas; Kaun, M.; Gliemroth, Jan; Goerg, Siegfried; Bahlmann, Ludger; Klaus, Stephan; Siemers, Frank; Mailaender, Peter; Machens, Hans‐Guenther

doi:10.1016/j.jss.2008.02.060

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…[84][85][86] Several other molecules, such as complement 3a and thromboxane A2, have been mooted as candidates for further study. 87,88 Udesen et al used a similar catheter placed elsewhere in the body for a reference comparison, whereas some later studies have simply compared results to reference values or used increasing lactate/pyruvate ratios as a measure of ischemia. In a recent animal study, Kristensen et al 89 demonstrated that using lactate and glucose levels, lactate-to-glucose ratio, and glucose challenge test, they could differentiate between ischemic and non-ischemic flaps, and identify hematoma.…”

Section: Clinical Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Evidence for Postoperative Monitoring of Microvascular Free Flaps

Chae

Rozen

Whitaker

et al. 2015

Annals of Plastic Surgery

115

133

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Section: Clinical Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Evidence for Postoperative Monitoring of Microvascular Free Flaps

Chae

Rozen

Whitaker

et al. 2015

Annals of Plastic Surgery

115

133

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“…The concentration of complement 3a is continuously elevated in deep second-degree burn wounds, and this increase was likely related to the occurrence of significantly more thrombotic blood vessels in the deep dermal tissue of elderly patients (135). Complement 3a was identified as an early marker of reperfusion injury in patients who underwent lower leg reconstruction with free myocutaneous latissimus dorsi muscle (136). given these results, complement 3a may be a highly sensitive early indicator of ischaemia-reperfusion damage.…”

Section: Wounds and Tissue Repairmentioning

confidence: 94%

Microdialysis of Inflammatory Mediators in the Skin: A Review

Hersini¹,

Melgaard²,

Gazerani³

et al. 2014

Acta Derm Venerol

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Skin microdialysis is an established method for in vivo sample collection from the extracellular fluid space. This method has been extensively used in studies of inflammatory reactions in the skin of animals and humans. Skin microdialysis consists of the implantation of semi-permeable probes into the upper dermis, perfusion with a physiological buffer, and the recovery of the substances that diffused from the skin into the perfusion fluid. Microdialysis allows the simultaneous assessment of the temporal variations of inflammatory mediator release in the skin as well as the monitoring of vascular and sensory functions. By the aid of this technique, potential associations can be found between functional changes and a variety of substances and mediators released at the site of interest. This allows further insights into the possible mechanisms underlying physiological and pathophysiological events in the skin, including cutaneous inflammation. This review provides a comprehensive but not exhaustive review of the use of microdialysis in studies of experimental and clinical inflammatory reactions in the skin in animals and humans.

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“…A typical finding is very low glucose concentration, a high lactate/pyruvate ratio and elevation of the lactate concentration 35,163 . Other molecules like complement component 3 (C3) and thromboxane A2 have also been studied 164,165 . MD and rapid sample MD can be useful in cases involving buried flaps and should be able to provide an accurate and objective measure of MF metabolism.…”

Section: Brief Description Of Monitoring Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of sentinel skin islands for monitoring buried and semi-buried micro-vascular flaps. Part I: Summary and brief description of monitoring methods

Molitor¹,

Měšťák²,

Pink³

et al. 2021

BIOMED PAP

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Micro-vascular flaps have been used for the repair of challenging defects for over 45 years. The risk of failure is reported to be around 5-10% which despite medical and technical advances in recent years remains essentially unchanged. Precise, continuous, sensitive and specific monitoring together with prompt notification of vascular compromise is crucial for the success of the procedure. In this review, we provide a classification and brief description of the reported methods for monitoring the micro-vascular flap and a summary of the benefits over direct visual monitoring. Over 40 different monitoring techniques have been reported but their comparative merits are not always obvious. One looks for early detection of a flap's compromise, improved flap salvage rate and a minimal false-positive or false-negative rate. The cost-effectiveness of any method should also be considered. Direct visualisation of the flap is the method most generally used and still seems to be the simplest, cheapest and most reliable method for flap monitoring. Considering the alternatives, only implantable Doppler ultrasound probes, near infrared spectroscopy and laser Doppler flowmetry have shown any evidence of improved flap salvage rates over direct visual monitoring.

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Significant [C3a] Increase in Free Flaps After Prolonged Ischemia

Cited by 7 publications

References 35 publications

Current Evidence for Postoperative Monitoring of Microvascular Free Flaps

Current Evidence for Postoperative Monitoring of Microvascular Free Flaps

Microdialysis of Inflammatory Mediators in the Skin: A Review

The use of sentinel skin islands for monitoring buried and semi-buried micro-vascular flaps. Part I: Summary and brief description of monitoring methods

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