Significance Testing of the Spearman Rank Correlation Coefficient

Zar, Jerrold H.

doi:10.1080/01621459.1972.10481251

Cited by 536 publications

(176 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…In this article, Spearman correlation coefficient (r) is applied to measure the association between vulnerability degrees obtained for each statistical unit based on GrC, Int_Fuzzy and OWA. Spearman correlation coefficient is calculated using Equation (13) (Zar 1972):…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A GIS-based multi-criteria decision-making approach for seismic vulnerability assessment using quantifier-guided OWA operator: a case study of Tehran, Iran

2014

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Earthquakes are one of the most destructive disasters that cause huge damage to structures and human beings. It is not possible to predict the exact location, duration and intensity of an earthquake; however, the probable damages may be predicted in advance. Tehran has suffered from a number of non-standard aged buildings, a high population density and the existence of a number of faults which have made it significantly vulnerable to the risk of earthquakes. In this research, Tehran's earthquake physical vulnerability map has been produced. The main contribution of this research is to take the effect of the optimism degree into account in the problem of seismic vulnerability assessment. The ordered weighted averaging operator is applied to provide a wide range of answers from pessimistic to optimistic solutions based on multicriteria analysis. The results are then compared with the granular computing and intuitionistic fuzzy (Int_Fuzzy) models that indicate 91% and 89% similarity, respectively.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A GIS-based multi-criteria decision-making approach for seismic vulnerability assessment using quantifier-guided OWA operator: a case study of Tehran, Iran

2014

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“…Limited by the relatively high computing cost of the ABM, we did 10 simulations for each set of parameters. To assess the influence of the parameters, we calculated the Spearman rank-order correlation [40] of each parameter versus the number of total melanoma cells, the number of active melanoma cells, and the number of endothelia cells. Table 2 shows the Spearman rank-order correlations ρ , and p - values for each parameter.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-scale agent-based modeling on melanoma and its related angiogenesis analysis

Wang

Zhang

Jing

et al. 2013

Theor Biol Med Model

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BackgroundRecently, melanoma has become the most malignant and commonly occurring skin cancer. Melanoma is not only the major source (75%) of deaths related to skin cancer, but also it is hard to be treated by the conventional drugs. Recent research indicated that angiogenesis is an important factor for tumor initiation, expansion, and response to therapy. Thus, we proposed a novel multi-scale agent-based computational model that integrates the angiogenesis into tumor growth to study the response of melanoma cancer under combined drug treatment.ResultsOur multi-scale agent-based model can simulate the melanoma tumor growth with angiogenesis under combined drug treatment. The significant synergistic effects between drug Dox and drug Sunitinib demonstrated the clinical potential to interrupt the communication between melanoma cells and its related vasculatures. Also, the sensitivity analysis of the model revealed that diffusivity related to the micro-vasculatures around tumor tissues closely correlated with the spread, oscillation and destruction of the tumor.ConclusionsSimulation results showed that the 3D model can represent key features of melanoma growth, angiogenesis, and its related micro-environment. The model can help cancer researchers understand the melanoma developmental mechanism. Drug synergism analysis suggested that interrupting the communications between melanoma cells and the related vasculatures can significantly increase the drug efficacy against tumor cells.

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“…To compare the results of metal analyses to those of particle size, we ran additional ANOVAs on sodium and magnesium using the same data set (66 subsamples) as we used with percent clay, silt, and sand. To determine if response variables were correlated, we used Spearman's rank correlation test on all possible pairs of variables (Zar 1972).…”

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confidence: 99%

Parrots Take it with a Grain of Salt: Available Sodium Content May Drive Collpa (Clay Lick) Selection in Southeastern Peru

Powell

et al. 2009

Biotropica

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Significance Testing of the Spearman Rank Correlation Coefficient

Cited by 536 publications

References 5 publications

A GIS-based multi-criteria decision-making approach for seismic vulnerability assessment using quantifier-guided OWA operator: a case study of Tehran, Iran

A GIS-based multi-criteria decision-making approach for seismic vulnerability assessment using quantifier-guided OWA operator: a case study of Tehran, Iran

Multi-scale agent-based modeling on melanoma and its related angiogenesis analysis

Parrots Take it with a Grain of Salt: Available Sodium Content May Drive Collpa (Clay Lick) Selection in Southeastern Peru

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