Significance of the carbonization of volatile pyrolytic products on the properties of activated carbons from phosphoric acid activation of lignocellulosic material

Zuo, Songlin; Yang, Jianxiao; Liu, Junli; Cai, Xuan

doi:10.1016/j.fuproc.2009.04.003

Cited by 87 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 39 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Initially the impregnation of shell with CaCl 2 promotes degradation of lignocellulosic components; thereafter, further additions degrade the H 3 PO 4 vegetable matrix, releasing more tar on the surface of the particles than in the case of monoliths facilitating agglomeration of the precursor. Then the reaction of gasification of coal with CO 2 (C-CO 2 ), catalysed by Ca [17] was applied to extract carbon atoms from the structure. In the activated carbon obtained this way an increase of the concentration of Ca caused increased removal of carbon atoms from the matrix.…”

Section: Characterization Of the Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calorimetric study of activated carbons impregnated with CaCl₂

2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Activated carbon monoliths with different surface characteristics were prepared by impregnating oil palm stone with diluted aqueous CaCl 2 solutions (with concentrations between 2 and 7% w/v) without binders. The solids were characterized by determination of nitrogen adsorption isotherms at 77 K and carbon dioxide adsorption isotherms at 273 K using volumetric adsorption equipment. Surface area and micropore volume values were calculated from the nitrogen isotherms using the BET and DR models, respectively, obtaining solids with low percentages of mesoporosity. Immersion enthalpies of the activated carbon monoliths were determined in benzene, with values between -173 and -104 J g -1 , and water, with values between 61 and 30 J g -1 , indicating that the monoliths have a hydrophobic character.

show abstract

Section: Characterization Of the Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calorimetric study of activated carbons impregnated with CaCl₂

2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Phosphoric acid activation of lignocellulosic materials has become an increasingly used method for the large-scale manufacture of ACs in the last 20 years because phosphoric acid activation has environmental benefits and several other advantages, such as ease of recovery as compared to zinc chloride activation, low energy cost, and high char yield (Lim et al, 2010). Thus, investigations have been extensively conducted to elucidate the mechanism of phosphoric acid activation (Olawale at al., 2016;Zuo et al, 2009). Since the surface characteristic and internal pore structure of the AC play an important role in adsorption processes and depend both on the precursor used and the method of preparation, therefore, characterization of these are crucial to the adsorption and separation processes (Anisuzzaman et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of Activated Carbon from Acacia (Vachellia seyal) Tree Branches and Application to Treat Wastewater Containing Methylene Blue Dye

Saleem¹,

Ali²,

Siddiqi³

et al. 2017

MAS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Saudi Arabian desert tree Acacia (Vachellia Seyal) used to produce Activated Carbon (AC) by phosphoric acid mediated chemical activation at low temperature. Characterization of AC done based on proximate and detailed analysis including Moisture content, Total Ash content, pH value, Iodine number, Methylene blue number, pore volume and BET surface area. Results revealed that properties of produced activated carbon (PAC) are comparable to commercial activated carbon (CAC). Low ash content and hardness making it suitable for water and wastewater treatment. Cost of production found to be less than $0.5/kg. Both AC used to treat wastewater containing Methylene Blue (MB) dye. Initially the removal efficiency of CAC is higher than the PAC however, both AC reached to similar removal (95.3% for PAC and 98.2% for CAC) within one hour. Growing demand of AC in the country can be meet by producing low cost locally available waste materials Acacia seyal tree branches.

show abstract

“…Phosphoric acid imparts cationexchange capacity, making it chemically stable both in acidic and base media in addition to its thermal stability (Puziy et al 2002). Utilization of phosphoric acid as a suitable activating agent for the preparation of porous carbon from a variety of agricultural wastes has been well recorded in literature (Al-Qaessi and Abu-Farah 2010; Attia et al 2008;Fierro et al 2010;Girgis and El-Hendawy 2002;Guo and Rockstraw 2007;Haimour and Emeish 2006;Prahas et al 2008;Zuo et al 2005). However, it should be noted that the activation methods are different as majority of it reports single-stage activation with activation in inert conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of porous carbon from date palm seeds and process optimization

Reddy

Shoaibi

Srinivasakannan

2014

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The agricultural wastes like date palm seeds to be a suitable precursor for the preparation of porous carbon has been explored in the present work, utilizing phosphoric acid as the activating agent. The experimental methods reported in literature were chosen with certain modification in order to simplify the process. The process optimization was performed using the popular response surface methodology adopting a Box-Behnken design. Process optimization was performed to maximize the porous carbon Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area and the methylene blue (MB) adsorption capacity, with the process variables being the activation temperature, impregnation ratio (IR) and the activation time. The textural characteristics were assessed based on nitrogen adsorption isotherms, scanning electron microscopy, while the adsorption capacity was estimated using the MB adsorption. The optimized experimental conditions were identified to be an activation temperature of 500°C, IR of 3.1 and activation time of 71.4 min, with the resultant porous carbon having BET surface area of 846.7 m 2 /g and MB adsorption capacity of 445.7 mg/g. The popular Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherm models were tested, and a maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of the MB was estimated to be 345 mg/g, which compares with the highest of MB reported in literature, evidencing the suitability of the porous carbon for adsorption of macro-molecular compounds.

show abstract

Significance of the carbonization of volatile pyrolytic products on the properties of activated carbons from phosphoric acid activation of lignocellulosic material

Cited by 87 publications

References 39 publications

Calorimetric study of activated carbons impregnated with CaCl₂

Calorimetric study of activated carbons impregnated with CaCl₂

Preparation of Activated Carbon from Acacia (Vachellia seyal) Tree Branches and Application to Treat Wastewater Containing Methylene Blue Dye

Preparation of porous carbon from date palm seeds and process optimization

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Significance of the carbonization of volatile pyrolytic products on the properties of activated carbons from phosphoric acid activation of lignocellulosic material

Cited by 87 publications

References 39 publications

Calorimetric study of activated carbons impregnated with CaCl2

Calorimetric study of activated carbons impregnated with CaCl2

Preparation of Activated Carbon from Acacia (Vachellia seyal) Tree Branches and Application to Treat Wastewater Containing Methylene Blue Dye

Preparation of porous carbon from date palm seeds and process optimization

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Calorimetric study of activated carbons impregnated with CaCl₂

Calorimetric study of activated carbons impregnated with CaCl₂