Significance of Parthenogenesis in the Evolution of Insects

Suomalainen, Esko

doi:10.1146/annurev.en.07.010162.002025

Cited by 145 publications

(95 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The evidence obtained here strongly supports Suomalainen's view that polyploid weevil races have originated from diploid races (Suomalainen 1945(Suomalainen , 1947(Suomalainen , 1962.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

A CHROMOSOME STUDY ON BISEXUAL AND PARTHENOGENETIC RACES OF <i>SCEPTICUS INSULARIS</i> ROELOFS (CURCULIONIDAE, COLEOPTERA)

Takenouchi

1968

The Japanese journal of genetics

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“…The evidence obtained here strongly supports Suomalainen's view that polyploid weevil races have originated from diploid races (Suomalainen 1945(Suomalainen , 1947(Suomalainen , 1962.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

A CHROMOSOME STUDY ON BISEXUAL AND PARTHENOGENETIC RACES OF <i>SCEPTICUS INSULARIS</i> ROELOFS (CURCULIONIDAE, COLEOPTERA)

Takenouchi

1968

The Japanese journal of genetics

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“…Asexual or parthenogenetic reproduction is frequently associated with high latitudes or higher altitudes (Vandel,1 928), an association which has been attributed to the relatively simple biotic complexity of habitats in these regions (Glesener & Tilman, 1978) compared with, say, tropical rain forests. However, most obligately asexual organisms are polyploid and it may be that the prevalence of parthenogenesis in such habitats arises indirectly through selection for elevated ploidy levels (Suomalainen, 1962(Suomalainen, , 1969.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geographical cline in breeding systems and ploidy levels in European populations of Daphnia pulex

et al. 1994

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Ninety populations of Daphnia pulex from sites throughout the UK and Scandinavia were assayed for genetic variation at 11 variable enzyme loci. A latitudinally-related dine in both breeding system and ploidy level was observed. Southern populations (latitudes 52-59°N) comprised only diploid cyclic parthenogens. Northern populations (latitudes 68-71°N) were dominated by polyploid obligate parthenogens and diploid cyclic parthenogens were absent. An assemblage of populations from a site of intermediate latitude (6 1°N) included both diploid cyclic parthenogens and diploid obligate parthenogens. This dine parallels one previously described from temperate to arctic North America. The obligately parthenogenetic (asexual) clones were generally heterozygous at one or more loci for a common D. pulex allele plus an allele not found in cyclically parthenogenetic (sexual) populations of D. pulex: it is argued that these asexual clones arose polyphyletically following several independent hybridizations between D. pulex and an unrecognized but closely related taxon. Fifteen different asexual clones were detected and 25 of 28 asexual populations were uniclonal: the mean number of asexual clones per population was 1.21.

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“…It has been frequently studied in insects (Suomalainen, 1962), but rarely in arachnids. Except for mites, where it is rather common (Helle et al, 1980), it is reported only for a few scorpions (Lourenço, 2002(Lourenço, , 2008, harvestmen (Tsurusaki, 1986), schizomids (Reddell & Cokendolpher, 1995) and amblypygids (Weygoldt, 2007), but there is little reliable information.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cytologically parthenogenesis can be apomictic (ameiotic), automictic (meiotic) or generative (haploid) (Suomalainen, 1962). Recently, it was discovered that the latter type can be induced by maternally inherited endosymbiotic bacteria, such as Wolbachia and Cardinium.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life-history of the parthenogenetic oonopid spider, Triaeris stenaspis (Araneae: Oonopidae)

Korenko¹,

Šmerda²,

Pekár³

2009

Eur. J. Entomol.

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Abstract. Selected life-history traits of an oonopid spider, Triaeris stenaspis Simon, which has been introduced into greenhouses in Europe, were investigated. Spiders were reared in the laboratory under constant physical and dietary conditions, and followed from egg to death. The spiders passed through 3 juvenile instars, each lasting approximately a month. The adult stage lasted on average 6 months, which is 54% of the entire life cycle. The mortality in each juvenile instar was similar. Five morphological characters were recorded for each instar, which provided a reliable means of identifying the developmental stages. All spiders developed into females and although kept isolated they laid fertile eggs, which indicates thelytokous parthenogenesis. Eggs were always enclosed in a disc-shaped egg-sac, each containing 2 eggs. Total fecundity was on average 27 eggs and rate of laying eggs decreased with age. Fecundity was positively correlated with adult longevity. Fertility was rather low, approximately 59%. It was negatively correlated with fecundity but not related to longevity. Low fertility appears to be the only cost of parthenogenetic reproduction. There was considerable genotypic variation in all traits studied compared to that in sexually reproducing spiders. There were no apparent maternal effects on all the traits studied. Using molecular methods proved that parthenogenesis in T. stenaspis is not induced by the endosymbiotic bacteria,

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Significance of Parthenogenesis in the Evolution of Insects

Cited by 145 publications

References 21 publications

A CHROMOSOME STUDY ON BISEXUAL AND PARTHENOGENETIC RACES OF <i>SCEPTICUS INSULARIS</i> ROELOFS (CURCULIONIDAE, COLEOPTERA)

A CHROMOSOME STUDY ON BISEXUAL AND PARTHENOGENETIC RACES OF <i>SCEPTICUS INSULARIS</i> ROELOFS (CURCULIONIDAE, COLEOPTERA)

Geographical cline in breeding systems and ploidy levels in European populations of Daphnia pulex

Life-history of the parthenogenetic oonopid spider, Triaeris stenaspis (Araneae: Oonopidae)

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