Significance of macrocell corrosion of reinforcing steel in partially carbonated concrete: numerical and experimental investigation

Sohail, Muazzam Ghous; Laurens, Stéphane; Deby, Fabrice; Balayssac, Jean-Paul

doi:10.1617/s11527-013-0178-2

Cited by 45 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Corrosion is a very slow process, even in the severe environment corrosion takes a very long time for the generation and propagation of corrosion by destabilizing passive layer generated during the hydration process of concrete (Sohail, Laurens, Deby, & Balayssac, 2015).…”

Section: Accelerated Methods Of Corrosionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corrosion Impact Analysis on Residual Life of Structure Using Cathodic Technique and Algor Simulation Software

Nayak

Throat

Thakare³

2018

Engineering Structures and Technologies

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Abstract. Damage to the reinforced concrete structure is mainly occurring because of two reasons either due to end of service life or due to load exceeds beyond structural capacity. Along with these two reasons degradation of material property is the one more major factor which causes the risk of failure. A concrete structure constructed in an aqueous environment get exposed to the corrosion process. Consequently, this causes the generation of crack, fragilization, a decrease of bond strength between reinforcement and concrete. All these factors affection static and dynamic behavior of concrete structure reducing the service life of an affected area. Whereas service life carries the major role in the economy of a concrete structure that is why various methods have been developed in the second half of the 20 th century to find out the residual life of the structure. In this proposed work, a non-destructive technique is used to predict the residual life of reinforced concrete beams having different cracking levels, as results of steel reinforcement corrosion, considering the variation produced in the dynamic behavior, through the variation of the first natural vibration frequency. Whereas to accelerate the corrosion process, impress current technique is used in which a current is externally applied to induce corrosion in reinforcement and then crack widths and vibration natural frequencies were measured. A numerical model is proposed with the help of FEM based Auto desk Algor simulation software to predict attack penetration depth. At the end, the paper is concluded by giving an effect of "water to cement ratio" and "cover to diameter ratio" on the initiation and propagation of corrosion and residual life of corroded beam specimen is graphically represented.

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Section: Accelerated Methods Of Corrosionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corrosion Impact Analysis on Residual Life of Structure Using Cathodic Technique and Algor Simulation Software

Nayak

Throat

Thakare³

2018

Engineering Structures and Technologies

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“…Sohail et al [15] investigated macrocell corrosion between reinforcement embedded in carbonated PC concrete and reinforcement embedded in non-carbonated PC concrete. First, they carbonated a concrete cylinder (diameter 65 mm) containing a carbon steel bar diameter 20 mm.…”

Section: Macrocell Corrosion In Carbonated Concretementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Castel et al [11][12][13] reported similar ranges for PC samples with C/A=2.0 and C/A=5.0 and comparable moisture state. Sohail et al [15] determined macrocell current densities from 0.7 to 4.0 µA/cm² depending on the C/A (varied from 1 to 4). In real structures, much larger C/A and thus a larger contribution of macrocell corrosion might be expected; this is further discussed in Section 5.2.4.…”

Section: Macrocell Contributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Macrocell corrosion in carbonated Portland and Portland-fly ash concrete - Contribution and mechanism

Revert

Hornbostel

Weerdt

2019

Cement and Concrete Research

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The corrosion of reinforcement in carbonated concrete with high moisture state was measured with and without electrical connection to reinforcement in non-carbonated concrete. The impact of the fly ash content and the cathode-to-anode ratio (C/A) was studied. A model was proposed and applied to quantify the contribution of the anodic, cathodic and ohmic partial processes to the macrocell corrosion and the impact of C/A. The total current density for the high moisture state investigated was high in all cases regardless the amount of fly ash replacement. The governing partial process depended on the cathode-to-anode ratio. Keywords: C. Carbonation C. Corrosion D. Blended cement D. Fly ash E. Concrete 2/22 Nomenclature/definitions:Microcell (uniform) corrosion: the corrosion process in which the anodic and cathodic sites are randomly distributed and continuously alternating. The oxidation of the metal and reduction of oxygen (or hydrogen) take place in adjacent places on the same metal part.Macrocell (galvanic) corrosion: the corrosion process in which the oxidation of the metal and reduction of oxygen (or hydrogen) take place in defined and spatially separated places that can be either on the same metal part or on two different metal parts that are electrically connected. AC-EIS (EIS): alternating electrochemical impedance spectroscopy C/A: cathode-to-anode area ratio [-] CE: counter electrode i: current density [µA/cm 2 ] ig: macrocell (galvanic) current density in the active electrode of the macrocouple [µA/cm 2 ] Ig: galvanic current intensity [µA] imi-A: microcell current density when there is no macrocouple [µA/cm 2 ] imi-A+C: microcell current density in the active electrode of the macrocouple [µA/cm 2 ] itot: total current density (microcell and macrocell) [µA/cm 2 ] LPR: linear polarization resistance mA-an: activation control slope for active reinforcement [mV/Dec] mA-cath: activation control slope for passive reinforcement [mV/Dec] mC-an: activation control slope for sample C anodic reaction [mV/Dec] mC-cath: activation control slope for sample C cathodic reaction [mV/Dec] OCP: open circuit potential [mV] 3/22 PC: Portland cement PCFA: Portland-fly ash cement PDP: potentiodynamic polarization curve RA-C: electrical resistance between reinforcement in carbonated concrete and non-carbonated concrete [Ω] RE: reference electrode RH: relative humidity [%] Rp: polarization resistance [Ω] SCE: external saturated calomel reference electrode w/c: water-to-cement ratio [-] WE: working electrode ZRA: zero resistance ammeter ΔEA: anodic polarization of active steel (anode) when coupled with passive steel [mV] ΔEA-C: difference in potential between active and passive steel when coupled (ohmic drop) [mV] ΔEC: cathodic polarization of passive steel when coupled with active steel [mV] ρ: electrical resistivity of concrete [Ω•m] 4/22

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“…The parameters that impact corrosion progression is concrete cover thickness, quality of concrete, environmental conditions, pH value, chloride level in concrete, the presence of cracks, etc. (Poursaee et al 2010;Nayak and Thakare 2017a, b;Sohail et al 2015).…”

Section: Reinforcement Corrosionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seismic performance of existing water tank after condition ranking using non-destructive testing

Nayak

Thakare

2019

Int J Adv Struct Eng

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There has been a collaborative attempt to address the seismic vulnerability of existing structures in India after an earthquake in Bhuj, Gujarat, in 2001. Seismic diagnosis and seismic retrofit for the existing tanks have become a remarkable issue to be worked since deterioration is a cosmopolitan and natural phenomenon. It is important to know the exact reason for distress and type of distress. To manage such issues, a proper method of repair and rehabilitation with detailed plans and methodology is required. This paper is aimed at evolving systematic investigation metrology for condition ranking procedure based on the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and strengthening by various retrofitting strategies. For that case study, an existing elevated water tank is considered, which was designed according to state of the art over 40 years ago as per old Indian Standard (IS) code. The ranking assessment of the elevated service reservoir was carried out using different non-destructive tests (NDTs). DER, i.e., degree (D), extent (E) and relevancy (R) rating technique was employed to find out the condition index of the elevated service reservoir (ESR). After finding the condition ranking of the existing structure, an analysis was carried out using SAP 2000 to find the present-day seismic requirements using IS codes. After knowing the seismic demand of the water tank, various retrofitting methods were adopted for improving the drift capacity and flexural capacity of the structure. The results were finally used to address some of the critical issues of the seismic response of the retrofitted structure in terms of a time period, mode shapes, base shear, displacement, acceleration, and velocity. From the case study result of seismic retrofit for the existing elevated water tank, it is confirmed that a relatively simple seismic retrofit method is effective to keep the tank functional after an earthquake.Publisher's Note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

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Significance of macrocell corrosion of reinforcing steel in partially carbonated concrete: numerical and experimental investigation

Cited by 45 publications

References 20 publications

Corrosion Impact Analysis on Residual Life of Structure Using Cathodic Technique and Algor Simulation Software

Corrosion Impact Analysis on Residual Life of Structure Using Cathodic Technique and Algor Simulation Software

Macrocell corrosion in carbonated Portland and Portland-fly ash concrete - Contribution and mechanism

Seismic performance of existing water tank after condition ranking using non-destructive testing

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