Signatures of Topological Surface State and Unconventional Magnetotransport Properties in Elemental Ruthenium

Abstract

In recent years, the pursuit of new topological materials has created a vast and ever growing catalogue of compounds. However, the example of elemental topological metals is still rather limited. So far, the non-trivial topological states have been probed in only a handful of elements and that too rarely in a transition metal. By combining the angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) and magnetotransport measurements, here, ruthenium (Ru) is experimentally confirmed to be a topological metal, validating a recent theoretical prediction. The ARPES data for Ru(0001) provide evidence of the topological surface state related to the bulk Dirac node. Ru also exhibits a prominent planar Hall effect, thus further indicating its Dirac semimetallic nature. Large electron and hole mobilities are estimated, which are comparable to several topological semimetals. The non-trivial nature of electronic band of Ru is also supported by the large non-saturating transverse magnetoresistance.

Charge density wave induced nodal lines in LaTe3

“…The raw data ( E k i n vs h ν ) have been converted to E vs k y by utilizing the expression k y = , where E k i n is the kinetic energy of the photoelectrons, θ is the emission angle and the inner potential V 0 has been assumed to be 7.5 eV based on the best matching with the ARPES data. The curvature plots have been obtained as in our earlier work 69 , 70 with respect to both E and k axes following the method proposed by Zhang et al 71 . This method improves the visibility of the weaker bands in the ARPES intensity plots and is better than the second derivative approach.…”

“…The curvature plots have been obtained as in our earlier work 69,70 with respect to both E and k axes following the method proposed by Zhang et al 71 . This method improves the visibility of the weaker bands in the ARPES intensity plots and is better than the second derivative approach.…”

Quantum Teleportation and Entanglement of the 5-Qubit State Over a GHZ-Like Channel

“…The quantum gate, however, operates on any arbitrary multi-qubit state since each quantum gate corresponds to a single operator U.|𝜑 > as in |𝜑 > → |𝜑 𝑜𝑢𝑡 > = 𝑈|𝜑 𝑖𝑛 >. From the output, the input state can be created by | 𝜑 𝑖𝑛 > = 𝑈 † | 𝜑 0𝑢𝑡 >, the quantum gate is always reversible as a result [10] .…”