Sidewall Functionalization of Carbon Nanotubes Through Electrophilic Substitution

Zeng, Jing; Xu, Kang; Gao, Guoyu; Gao, Fei; Zhang, Hao‐Li

doi:10.1166/jnn.2011.3750

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Surfactants or additional treatments were often needed to maintain the dispersibility of the products,23 especially when organic solvents were used. In our previous work,24 we have demonstrated that BPO could be used in the surface modification of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) to produce phenyl‐modified CNTs 17c. 25 It is reasonable to believe that a similar reaction can take place on graphene, and the CMG produced by BPO‐promoted conversion (denoted as G BPO ) is also modified by phenyl groups.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The produced G BPO could be well dispersed in various organic solvents, which is desirable for many applications. Furthermore, the attached phenyl moieties may be subjected to various well‐established electrophilic substitution reactions to introduce further modification onto the graphene surface; these reactions have been previously demonstrated on CNT surfaces 24…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Free‐Radical‐Promoted Conversion of Graphite Oxide into Chemically Modified Graphene

Chai

Zeng

Zhou

et al. 2013

Chemistry A European J

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The preparation of chemically modified graphene (CMG) generally involves the reduction of graphite oxide (GO) by using various reducing reagents. Herein, we report a free-radical-promoted synthesis of CMG, which does not require any conventional reductant. We demonstrated that the phenyl free radical can efficiently promote the conversion of GO into CMG under mild conditions and produces phenyl-functionalized CMG. This pseudo-"reduction" process is attributed to a free-radical-mediated elimination of the surface-attached oxygen-containing functionalities. This work illustrates a new strategy for preparing CMG that is alternative to the conventional means of chemical reduction. Furthermore, the phenyl-functionalized graphene shows an excellent performance as an electrode material for lithium-battery applications.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Free‐Radical‐Promoted Conversion of Graphite Oxide into Chemically Modified Graphene

Chai

Zeng

Zhou

et al. 2013

Chemistry A European J

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“…Zeng et al reported the electrophilic substitution reactions on phenylated CNTs. A new functionalization of CNT sidewalls was realized by including diphenyl ketone, benzenesulfonyl chloride, benzyl chloride, and thiophenol as shown in Figure 24 [196]. Then, Tagmatarchis et al have successfully functionalized SWCNTs through electrophilic addition of chromoform SWCNTs followed by hydrolysis which is allowing the addition of hydroxyl groups to the surface of the nanotubes [197].…”

Section: Brominationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Marcelino et al reported that unmodified CNTs presented a conductivity of 510 S/m which decreased as the functionalization degree increased [212]. In contrast, Lau et al [213] Figure 24: Schematic procedure for the electrophilic substitution reaction on p-CNTs and the applications in making hybrid materials [196]. 21 Journal of Nanomaterials changed from sp 2 to sp 3 reinforced state.…”

Section: Properties Of Functionalized Cntsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) from Synthesis to Functionalized (CNTs) Using Conventional and New Chemical Approaches

Salah

Ouslimani

Bousba

et al. 2021

Journal of Nanomaterials

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Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have emerged worldwide because of their remarkable properties enlarging their field of applications. Functionalization of CNTs is a convenient strategy to tackle low dispersion and solubilization of CNTs in many solvents or polymers. It can be done by covalent or noncovalent surface functionalization that is briefly discussed regarding the current literature. Endohedral and exohedral are conventional methods based on covalent and van der Waals bonding forces that are created through CNT functionalization by various materials. In this paper, a review of new approaches and mechanisms of functionalization of CNTs is proposed, including amidation, fluorination, bromination, chlorination, hydrogenation, and electrophilic addition. Our analysis is supported by several characterization methods highlighting recent improvements hence extending the range of applicability of CNTs.

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“…将共价功能化的碳纳米管应用到复合材料、催化剂载体、电子器件、光学材料及生物医学等领域当中, 已逐渐成为一个新的研究热点. Zhang 等 [6] 通过亲电取代将不同的官能团引入到自由基加成苯环的碳纳米管表面, 共价功能化后的碳纳米管可以作为基体, 进行进一步的修饰, 包覆聚合物或是负载贵金属粒子等, 表明功能化后的碳纳米管作为功能材料具有非常广阔的应用空间. Li 等 [7] 通过重氮化反应将对氨基苯硫酚修饰到碳纳米管上, 然后再负载 Pd 粒子, 功能化的碳纳米管不仅增加了对贵金属粒子的锚定位, 而且巯基与贵金属粒子的强结合力可以有效地阻止贵金属粒子的脱落.…”

Section: 引言unclassified

Preparation of Polyaniline Covalently Grafted Carbon Nanotubes Supported Pt Catalysts and Its Electrocatalytic Performance for Methanol

Chen¹,

Tong²,

Gao³

et al. 2013

Acta Chim. Sinica

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Recently, covalently functionalization carbon nanotubes have been received special attention because of the expansive application prospect in the areas of nanoscience and nanotechnology. Moreover, covalent functionalization of carbon nanotubes can readily deal with fundamental issues of purification, solubilization, and processing. In particular, polyaniline, due to its high electronic conductivity, good environmental stability, easy preparation and reversible acid-base doping-dedoping chemistry, has been one of the most studied conducting polymers. Recently, CNTs-PANI composites were investigated widely, such as supercapacitor, optoelectronic devices, sensing and catalysis as well. In this work, uniform structures PANI covalently grafted onto CNTs functionalization with -NH 2 groups composites have been obtained by using liquid/liquid(L/L) interfacial polymerization method. The interfacial system was established by using CNTs, FeCl 3 , HCl as top aqueous phase and aniline, CH 2 Cl 2 as bottom organic phase, which effective suppress second growth of PANI and obtain uniform CNTs-NH-PANI composites. Concerning CNTs-NH-PANI composites, PANI can covalently be grafted on CNTs with -NH 2 groups. The resulted CNTs-NH-PANI composites have abundant -NH 2 groups on their surface, serving as anchor centers for achieving high Pt dispersion. More important, PANI uniformly grafted on CNTs is prone to disperse the bundle of CNTs into separated lines and improve water dispersibility of obtained CNTs-NH-PANI composites. Subsequently, PtNPs were successfully deposited on the CNTs-PANI to form ternary hybrids. Potential application of the ternary hybrids as high performance catalysts for direct methanol fuel cells has been explored. The catalyst samples were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and electrochemical methods. TEM results showed that the hierarchical CNTs-PANI composites with uniform morphology have been successfully prepared due to hydrophilic -OH and -NH 2 groups covalently functionalized onto the surface of CNTs. Moreover, the electrochemical measurement show that the Pt/CNTs-NH-PANI hybrid have better stabilities compared with commercial JM (Pt/C) catalyst. The long-term durability test of the Pt/CNTs-CO-PANI, Pt/CNTs-NH-PANI and Pt/C catalysts shows that PANI grafted on CNTs as catalyst supports have better stabilities and more tolerant toward poisoning. Moreover, PANI covalently grafted on CNTs as catalyst supports has more excellent performance. The I f /I b of Pt/CNTs-NH-PANI catalyst for electrocatalytic methanol oxidation is 1.65 which is nearly 1.6 and 1.2 times than that of the commercial JM(Pt/C) and Pt/CNTs-CO-PANI catalysts, respectively. The results show that carbon nanotubes covalently grafting polyaniline as support can effectively improve the catalyst stability, increasing the service life of the catalyst.

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Sidewall Functionalization of Carbon Nanotubes Through Electrophilic Substitution

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Free‐Radical‐Promoted Conversion of Graphite Oxide into Chemically Modified Graphene

Free‐Radical‐Promoted Conversion of Graphite Oxide into Chemically Modified Graphene

Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) from Synthesis to Functionalized (CNTs) Using Conventional and New Chemical Approaches

Preparation of Polyaniline Covalently Grafted Carbon Nanotubes Supported Pt Catalysts and Its Electrocatalytic Performance for Methanol

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