Sialochemical Profile in Depressive Individuals under Antidepressant Therapy: An Observational Study

Giri, Umamaheswari; Nagaraj, Vezhavendhan; Sankaran, Avudaiappan; R, Ramesh; Rajaram, Suganya; Muthanandam, Sivaramakrishnan; Arumugam, Santhadevy; Santhanam, Vidyalakshmi

doi:10.7860/jcdr/2018/28999.11456

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…In pigs, a comprehensive panel of analytes including biomarkers of stress, inflammation, immune system, redox status and other analytes related to different physiological aspects and various tissues and organs, such as hepatic and muscle integrity, can currently be measured in this fluid [ 2 ]. This is included under the concept of sialochemistry [ 3 , 4 ] which has previously been applied to evaluate changes in analytes during pregnancy, farrowing, lactation [ 5 ] and fattening [ 6 ] in pigs and also in other species such as horses and cows [ 7 , 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Effect of Sampling Time on Biomarkers of Stress, Immune System, Redox Status and Other Biochemistry Analytes in Saliva of Finishing Pigs

Ortín-Bustillo

Contreras-Aguilar

Rubio

et al. 2022

Animals

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This study aims to evaluate the possible variations due to the sampling time in the day in 26 analytes of pigs’ saliva, related to stress, the immune system, redox status and other biomarkers related to metabolism and selected tissues and organs, in order to know the possible effects of the hour of the day in their interpretation. These analytes were measured in saliva obtained from a population of 40 clinically healthy pigs from 8 a.m. to 8 p.m., every 4 h in the same day. In our experimental conditions, daily variations were observed in cortisol, salivary α-amylase, total esterase activity, butyrylcholinesterase, lipase, adenosine deaminase isoenzyme 1, uric acid, superoxide dismutase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, lactate and triglycerides. These changes appeared in both sexes, except for adenosine deaminase isoenzyme 1 and superoxide dismutase which only showed differences in females. In conclusion, this report indicates that, in the experimental conditions of this trial, the time of the day and sex can influence the values obtained in various salivary analytes in pigs. These variations should thus be taken into consideration for an adequate interpretation of these analytes when used for the evaluation of health and welfare in this species.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Effect of Sampling Time on Biomarkers of Stress, Immune System, Redox Status and Other Biochemistry Analytes in Saliva of Finishing Pigs

Ortín-Bustillo

Contreras-Aguilar

Rubio

et al. 2022

Animals

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“…In addition, saliva has some advantages over blood since it is easily collected by non-invasive, non-stressful procedures [10, 11] and by non-trained personnel with a minimum of material. For these reasons, a new term in human medicine, "sialochemistry", has been created, which consists of the measurement of analytes included in the routine serum biochemistry profiles in saliva [12, 13]. In animal species, saliva analytes have been studied in different situations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in saliva analytes in equine acute abdominal disease: a sialochemistry approach

et al. 2019

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Background The biochemical components of saliva can change in certain pathologies in horses, for example in acute abdominal disease. The aim of this study was (1) to evaluate if a panel of biochemical analytes usually used in serum can be measured in saliva of horses and (2) to study the possible changes of these biochemical analytes in saliva of horses affected by acute abdominal disease. A panel of 23 analytes was analytically validated in saliva of horses and possible changes in these analytes in a pilot study with six healthy horses and six horses with acute abdominal disease were evaluated. The analytes with significant changes were then evaluated in a larger population of 20 healthy and 37 diseased horses. Results Seven analytes showed significant increases in the pilot study which were confirmed in the larger population. The analytes which showed significant changes, and their median fold increase and significance shown in the larger population were salivary γ-glutamyl transferase (gGT, 2.3 fold, P = 0.001), creatine kinase (CK, 6.2 fold, P < 0.001), urea (2.3 fold, P = 0.001), total bilirubin (2.6 fold, P < 0.001), total proteins (3.2 fold, P < 0.001), phosphorus (P, 4.5 fold, P < 0.001) and alpha-amylase (sAA, 8.5 fold, P < 0.001). Total proteins, P and sAA showed sensitivities higher than 70% at their optimal cut-off points and a specificity of 100% in differentiating between healthy horses and those with acute abdominal disease. Conclusions A panel of 23 biochemical analytes can be measured in saliva of horses, where gGT, CK, urea, total bilirubin, total protein, P and sAA levels are raised in horses with acute abdominal disease. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12917-019-1933-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…Este es el motivo por el que, actualmente, la saliva se considera un fluido diagnóstico en el que se pueden medir un conjunto de biomarcadores al igual que en una bioquímica sanguínea, con la ventaja de que puede obtenerse de una manera no invasiva, no estresante y sencilla (Cerón, 2019;Tvarijonaviciute et al, 2020;Yoshizawa et al, 2013). Así pues, surgió en medicina humana el concepto de "sialochemistry" (sialoquímica en su traducción al español) (Giri et al, 2018;Miller et al, 2012), que recientemente se ha aplicado a diferentes especies domésticas, entre ellas la porcina (Cerón et al, 2022;Contreras-Aguilar et al, 2021). Dentro de la sialoquímica se pueden medir diferentes perfiles analíticos relacionados con el estrés, la inflamación, la actividad del sistema inmune, el estado de óxido-reducción (Rédox) y metabolismo y estado de diferentes órganos, en la especie porcina, y que trataremos a continuación.…”

Section: Concepto De Sialoquímica Y Perfiles Que Se Pueden Hacer En S...unclassified

La Saliva Como Una Fuente De Biomarcadores en El Ganado Porcino: Conceptos Generales Y Avances Recientes

Muñoz Prieto,

Ortín-Bustillo,

Escribano

et al. 2023

An. Vet. Murcia

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The use of saliva in the pig has gained importance due in the last years to its ease of sampling, without causing stress or pain in the animal. In addition to identifying pathogens, it is a source of biomarkers used to evaluate general pig health and well-being. The different biomarkers that can be detected are related to stress, inflammation, the immune system, oxidative state, or sepsis. In this way, panels can be formed including several groups of these biomarkers inside the concept known as sialochemistry. Among the most novel biomarkers recently identified are those specific to sepsis processes, such as procalcitonin, aldolase or S100 proteins, which are considered to be a potential application for the rational use of antibiotics. In addition, the usefulness of saliva to reflect positive emotions in these animals has recently been demonstrated by detecting oxytocin. It is expected that in the future the use of these markers can be adapted at a routine level in pig production systems. El uso de la saliva en el cerdo ha ganado importancia en los últimos años debido a su facilidad de obtención, sin provocar estrés ni dolor en el animal. La saliva, además de permitir la identificación de agentes patógenos, es una fuente de biomarcadores que son utilizados para evaluar la salud y bienestar general porcino. Los distintos biomarcadores que pueden ser detectados se relacionan con el estrés, la inflamación, el sistema inmune, el estado oxidativo o la sepsis. De esta manera, se pueden formar paneles incluyendo varios grupos de biomarcadores dentro del concepto conocido como sialoquímica. Entre los biomarcadores más novedosos se encuentran aquellos específicos de los procesos de sepsis, como la procalcitonina, aldolasa y proteínas del grupo S100, que se consideran de potencial aplicación para el uso racional de antibióticos. Además, recientemente se ha demostrado la utilidad de la saliva para reflejar las emociones positivas en estos animales, mediante la detección de oxitocina. Se espera que en el futuro que se pueda adaptar el uso de estos marcadores a nivel rutinario en sistemas productivos de porcino.

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Sialochemical Profile in Depressive Individuals under Antidepressant Therapy: An Observational Study

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Evaluation of the Effect of Sampling Time on Biomarkers of Stress, Immune System, Redox Status and Other Biochemistry Analytes in Saliva of Finishing Pigs

Evaluation of the Effect of Sampling Time on Biomarkers of Stress, Immune System, Redox Status and Other Biochemistry Analytes in Saliva of Finishing Pigs

Changes in saliva analytes in equine acute abdominal disease: a sialochemistry approach

La Saliva Como Una Fuente De Biomarcadores en El Ganado Porcino: Conceptos Generales Y Avances Recientes

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