Sialic acids and sialoglycans in endocrinal disorders

Ghosh, Shyamasree

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-816126-5.00009-3

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 89 publications

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“…They affect sialic acid metabolism and normal sialylation of glycoproteins and glycolipids associated with diseases. Sialic acid is a biomarker of several diseases, including cancer [54]. Sialylation generally increases in tumor cells and is incorporated with N-glycans and O-glycans.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeting Breast Cancer with N-Acetyl-D-Glucosamine: Integrating Machine Learning and Cellular Assays for Promising Results

Baysal,

Genç,

Silme

et al. 2024

ACAMC

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Background: Breast cancer is a common cancer with high mortality rates. Early diagnosis is crucial for reducing the prognosis and mortality rates. Therefore, the development of alternative treatment options is necessary. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effect of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (D-GlcNAc) on breast cancer using a machine learning method. The findings were further confirmed through assays on breast cancer cell lines. Methods: MCF-7 and 4T1 cell lines (ATCC) were cultured in the presence and absence of varying concentrations of D-GlcNAc (0.5 mM, 1 mM, 2 mM, and 4 mM) for 72 hours. A xenograft mouse model for breast cancer was established by injecting 4T1 cells into mammary glands. D-GlcNAc (2 mM) was administered intraperitoneally to mice daily for 28 days, and histopathological effects were evaluated at pre-tumoral and post-tumoral stages. Results: Treatment with 2 mM and 4 mM D-GlcNAc significantly decreased cell proliferation rates in MCF-7 and 4T1 cell lines and increased Fas expression. The number of apoptotic cells was significantly higher than untreated cell cultures (p < 0.01 - p < 0.0001). D-GlcNAc administration also considerably reduced tumour size, mitosis, and angiogenesis in the post-treatment group compared to the control breast cancer group (p < 0.01 - p < 0.0001). Additionally, molecular docking/dynamic analysis revealed a high binding affinity of D-GlcNAc to the marker protein HER2, which is involved in tumour progression and cell signalling. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated the positive effect of D-GlcNAc administration on breast cancer cells, leading to increased apoptosis and Fas expression in the malignant phenotype. The binding affinity of D-GlcNAc to HER2 suggests a potential mechanism of action. These findings contribute to understanding D-GlcNAc as a potential anti-tumour agent for breast cancer treatment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeting Breast Cancer with N-Acetyl-D-Glucosamine: Integrating Machine Learning and Cellular Assays for Promising Results

Baysal,

Genç,

Silme

et al. 2024

ACAMC

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show abstract

Targeting Breast Cancer with N-Acetyl-D-Glucosamine: Integrating Machine Learning and Cellular Assays for Promising Results

Baysal

Genç

Silme

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Early diagnosis of breast cancer can reduce prognosis and mortality rates, but alternative treatments are needed. We studied the effect of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (D-GlcNAc) on breast cancer using machine learning and cell assays. MCF-7 and 4T1 cell lines (ATCC) were cultured in the presence and absence of varying concentrations of D-GlcNAc (0.5 mM, 1 mM, 2 mM, and 4 mM) for 72 hours. A xenograft mouse model for breast cancer was established by injecting 4T1 cells into mammary glands. D-GlcNAc (2 mM) was administered intraperitoneally to mice daily for 28 days, and histopathological effects were evaluated at pre-tumoral and post-tumoral stages. Treatment with 2 mM and 4 mM D-GlcNAc significantly decreased cell proliferation rates in MCF-7 and 4T1 cell lines and increased Fas expression. The number of apoptotic cells was significantly higher than in untreated cell cultures (P < 0.01 - P < 0.0001). D-GlcNAc administration also considerably reduced tumour size, mitosis, and angiogenesis in the post-treatment group compared to the control breast cancer group (P < 0.01 - P < 0.0001). Molecular docking/dynamic analysis revealed a high binding affinity of D-GlcNAc to the marker protein HER2, which is involved in tumor progression and cell signalling. Our study demonstrates the positive effect of D-GlcNAc administration on breast cancer cells, leading to increased apoptosis and Fas expression in the malignant phenotype. The binding affinity of D-GlcNAc to HER2 suggests a potential mechanism of action. These findings contribute to understanding D-GlcNAc as a potential anti-tumor agent for breast cancer treatment.

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FUCA1: An Underexplored p53 Target Gene Linking Glycosylation and Cancer Progression

Hu,

Kobayashi,

Ohki

2024

Cancers

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Cancer is a difficult-to-cure disease with high worldwide incidence and mortality, in large part due to drug resistance and disease relapse. Glycosylation, which is a common modification of cellular biomolecules, was discovered decades ago and has been of interest in cancer research due to its ability to influence cellular function and to promote carcinogenesis. A variety of glycosylation types and structures regulate the function of biomolecules and are potential targets for investigating and treating cancer. The link between glycosylation and carcinogenesis has been more recently revealed by the role of p53 in energy metabolism, including the p53 target gene alpha-L-fucosidase 1 (FUCA1), which plays an essential role in fucosylation. In this review, we summarize roles of glycan structures and glycosylation-related enzymes to cancer development. The interplay between glycosylation and tumor microenvironmental factors is also discussed, together with involvement of glycosylation in well-characterized cancer-promoting mechanisms, such as the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) and p53-mediated pathways. Glycan structures also modulate cell–matrix interactions, cell–cell adhesion as well as cell migration and settlement, dysfunction of which can contribute to cancer. Thus, further investigation of the mechanistic relationships among glycosylation, related enzymes and cancer progression may provide insights into potential novel cancer treatments.

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Sialic acids and sialoglycans in endocrinal disorders

Cited by 3 publications

References 89 publications

Targeting Breast Cancer with N-Acetyl-D-Glucosamine: Integrating Machine Learning and Cellular Assays for Promising Results

Targeting Breast Cancer with N-Acetyl-D-Glucosamine: Integrating Machine Learning and Cellular Assays for Promising Results

Targeting Breast Cancer with N-Acetyl-D-Glucosamine: Integrating Machine Learning and Cellular Assays for Promising Results

FUCA1: An Underexplored p53 Target Gene Linking Glycosylation and Cancer Progression

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