Shrinking the Violets: Phylogenetic Relationships of Infrageneric Groups in Viola (Violaceae) Based on Internal Transcribed Spacer DNA Sequences

Ballard, Harvey E.; Sytsma, Kenneth J.; Kowal, Robert R.

doi:10.2307/2419376

Cited by 133 publications

(176 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…525-600 espécies (Ballard, Jr. et al, 1999), distribuídas em regiões temperadas e tropicais de altitude do globo. Diversas espécies são amplamente cultivadas por seu valor ornamental, em especial Viola tricolor L. (amor-perfeito), destacandose também suas propriedades medicinais.…”

Section: Viola Lunclassified

Flora da Serra do Cipó, Minas Gerais: Violaceae

Paula-Souza

2012

Bol. bot.

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-(Flora of the Serra do Cipó, Minas Gerais: Violaceae). Part of the survey of Flora of Serra do Cipó, Minas Gerais, this study presents the species of Violaceae occurring in this area. The family is represented in Serra do Cipó by three genera and four species, for which an identification key, descriptions, and illustrations are provided, as well as comments about their geographical distribution.

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Section: Viola Lunclassified

Flora da Serra do Cipó, Minas Gerais: Violaceae

Paula-Souza

2012

Bol. bot.

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“…DNA was extracted by a modified CTAB method [16]. About 2 cm 2 of algal thallus from each sample was cleaned and transferred into a 1.5 mL Eppendorf centrifuge tube.…”

Section: Dna Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of genetic variation within and among Ulva pertusa (Ulvaceae, Chlorophyta) populations using ISSR markers

Zhao

Jiang

et al. 2010

Chin. Sci. Bull.

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“…This genus, the largest of the Violaceae family, comprises 525-600 species distributed throughout most frostfree regions of the world (Ballard & al., 1999;Yockteng & al., 2003;Karlsson & al., 2008). It is divided into ca.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is divided into ca. 14 sections and many infrasectional groups (Becker 1910a(Becker , 1910b(Becker , 1925 (for a review of infrageneric classification see Ballard & al., 1999). Five of those sections are present in Europe: Chamae melanium Ging., Melanium Ging., Xylinosium W. Becker, Delphiniopsis W. Becker and Viola (Valentine & al., 1968); all of which have also been described in the Iberian Peninsula (Fernández Casado, 1982;Muñoz Garmendia & al., 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation of plant nuclei suitable for flow cytometry from species with extremely mucilaginous compounds: an example in the genus <i>Viola</i> L. (Violaceae)

Cires¹,

Cuesta²,

Casado³

et al. 2011

Anal. Jard. Bot. Madr.

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Cires, E., Cuesta, C., Fernández, M.A., Nava, H.S. Flow cytometry analysis has been widely applied in the determination of nuclear DNA content and ploidy level in many organisms. Despite being the most appropriate method for DNA content measurement, flow cytometry also presents some limitations. A fairly common, but little-studied problem is the effect on measurements of the presence of secondary metabolites. A good example is the genus Viola, which is composed of 525-600 species distributed worldwide. These species have proved to be problematic for flow cytometric analyses due to the release of extremely mucilaginous compounds into the nuclear suspension. In this work, the genome size of 13 species of Viola using flow cytometry are presented for the first time. Despite obtaining histograms with high coefficients of variation, we here present an optimized protocol to remove cytoplasmic compounds, particularly mucilaginous ones, from plant nuclei that pave the way for its application to estimate the genome size of other species exhibiting similar problems. Statistical analyses revealed significant differences between sections Viola and Melanium, and within each section (P < 0.001). Furthermore, statistically significant differences were not detected among samples of the same species. ResumenCires, E., Cuesta, C., Fernández, M.A., Nava, H.S., Vázquez, V.M. & Fernández, J.A. 2011. Aislamiento de núcleos para citometría de flujo en plantas con alto contenido de compuestos mucilaginosos: un ejemplo en el género Viola L. (Violaceae). Ana les Jard. Bot. Madrid 68(2): 139-154 (en inglés).El análisis mediante citometría de flujo ha sido aplicado de modo general para determinar el contenido de ADN nuclear y el nivel de ploidía en muchos organismos. A pesar de ser el método más adecuado para medir la cantidad de ADN, esta técnica también presenta algunas limitaciones. Un problema bastante común, aunque poco estudiado, es el efecto de los metabolitos secundarios en los resultados obtenidos. Un ejemplo respecto a la presencia de estos compuestos se encuentra en el género Viola, compuesto por 525-600 especies distribuidas por todo el mundo. Las especies de este género ya han sido previamente descritas como problemáticas en los análisis de citometría de flujo debido a la presencia de compuestos extremadamente mucilaginosos en las suspensiones de núcleos. En el presente trabajo se analiza por primera vez el tamaño genómico de 13 especies del genero Viola mediante el empleo de citometría de flujo. A pesar de los altos valores mostrados en los coeficientes de variación de los histogramas, se presenta un protocolo optimizado para eliminar compuestos citoplasmáticos, y más concretamente mucilaginosos de las suspensiones nucleares, siendo de aplicación en la estimación del tamaño genómico de plantas con problemas similares. Los análisis estadísticos mostraron diferencias significativas entre las secciones Viola y Melanium, así como dentro de cada sección (P < 0,001). Además, no se encontraron diferencias significativas entre...

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Shrinking the Violets: Phylogenetic Relationships of Infrageneric Groups in Viola (Violaceae) Based on Internal Transcribed Spacer DNA Sequences

Cited by 133 publications

References 42 publications

Flora da Serra do Cipó, Minas Gerais: Violaceae

Flora da Serra do Cipó, Minas Gerais: Violaceae

Analysis of genetic variation within and among Ulva pertusa (Ulvaceae, Chlorophyta) populations using ISSR markers

Isolation of plant nuclei suitable for flow cytometry from species with extremely mucilaginous compounds: an example in the genus <i>Viola</i> L. (Violaceae)

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