Shrimp Viral Diseases, Import Risk Assessment and International Trade

Abstract

Shrimp is an important commodity in international trade accounting for 15 % in terms of value of internationally traded seafood products which reached $102.00 billion in 2008. Aquaculture contributes to over 50 % of global shrimp production. One of the major constraints faced by shrimp aquaculture is the loss due to viral diseases like white spot syndrome, yellow head disease, and Taura syndrome. There are several examples of global spread of shrimp diseases due to importation of live shrimp for aquaculture. Though millions of tonnes of frozen or processed shrimp have been traded internationally during the last two decades despite prevalence of viral diseases in shrimp producing areas in Asia and the Americas, there is no evidence of diseases having been transmitted through shrimp imported for human consumption. The guidelines developed by the World Animal Health Organisation for movement of live animals for aquaculture, frozen crustaceans for human consumption, and the regulations implemented by some shrimp importing regions in the world are reviewed.

First report of acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) occurring in the USA

“…parahaemolyticus to be the AHPND etiologic agent, and it to be more similar to the Mexican type than to the Asian type (Han et al, 2015b). In shrimp aquaculture, pathogens are often translocated via movements of broodstock or post-larvae with unapparent infections (Karunasagar and Ababouch, 2012). While the data suggest some linkage to AHPND-causing V.…”

An effective white spot syndrome virus challenge test for cultured shrimp using different biomass of the infected papilla

“…White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is one of the most virulent pathogens reported for cultured penaeid species [1,2] still causing high mortalities and economical losses [[3], [4], [5]]. Challenge tests are used to evaluate potential control methods for shrimp diseases [[6], [7], [8], [9], [10]], of which, the per os challenge offering infected papilla to susceptible shrimp reproduces one of the pathways of shrimp WSSV infection in farms.…”

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“…Aquaculture is one of the fastest growing sectors and shrimp culture reported to play a major role in boosting the seafood productions. Shrimp accounts for 15% of total seafood products with the market values of 102 billion dollars in 2008 (Karunasagar & Ababouch, 2012). However, shrimp white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) has been associated with major economic loss in shrimp farm industries worldwide, especially in South Asian countries (Vaseeharan, Jayakumar, & Ramasamy, 2003).…”