“…Most of the research on empathy detection has focused on conversations or interactions, as dialogue systems Chen et al, 2022a;Samad et al, 2022), or in online platforms (e.g. (Pérez-Rosas et al, 2017;Khanpour et al, 2017;Otterbacher et al, 2017;Sharma et al, 2020;Lahnala et al, 2022;Sharma et al, 2021;Hosseini and Caragea, 2021), a few on news stories and other narratives (Buechel et al, 2018;Wambsganss et al, 2021b;Sedoc et al, 2020;Mundra et al, 2021;Guda et al, 2021), and even less on empathy in clinical settings Shi et al, 2021). Buechel et al (2018) used crowd-sourced workers to self-report their empathy and distress levels and to write empathic reactions to news stories.…”