Should the Straits of Malacca and Singapore Be Designated as a Special Area?

Zaideen, Izyan Munirah Mohd

doi:10.3233/epl-190160

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…In terms of navigational traffic, the Straits of Malacca and Singapore came second only to the Dover Strait, a crucial European chokepoint bordered by the United Kingdom, France and Belgium (Zaideen, 2019). An estimated 15 million barrels of oil pass the Straits of Malacca and Singapore daily (Strait of Malacca Key Chokepoint for Oil Trade, 2018).…”

Section: Shippingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(iii) The Aids to Navigation Fund (the Fund) to receive direct financial contributions for renewal and maintenance of aids to navigation. If the present Co-operation Mechanism could no longer sustain and promote sustainable utilisation of the Straits given the steady increase of shipping activities each year, there may be future need for the littoral states to work together in imposing or implementing other prospective measures that go beyond the scope of the international legal framework laid down in the LOSC (Rusli, Dremliuga and Talaat, 2016), such as the proposed designation of the Straits of Malacca and Singapore as Special Areas Under MARPOL 73/78 or Particularly Sensitive Sea Area (Zaideen, 2019).…”

Section: Protection Of the Marine Environment Through Co-operative Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Straits of Malacca and Singapore: Maritime Conduits of Global Importance

Rusli¹,

Suherman²,

Yuliantiningsih³

et al. 2021

RWE

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The Straits of Malacca and Singapore are two of the world’s most crucial maritime highways. Srivijaya and the Malacca Sultanate were among the regional formidable political entities that were successful in exerting their power and influence over the Straits. The pre-eminence of the local kingdoms were overshadowed by the arrival of the European imperialists as early as the 16th century, that changed the political dynamics in the region. The Straits of Malacca and Singapore remain important till today as it provides the shortest route linking petroleum producing-nations of West Asia and the oil consumers of East Asia. As such, the significance of the Straits of Malacca and Singapore global fulcrum of maritime trade is indisputable. Nevertheless, despite being the caretaker of these important Straits, Malaysia and Indonesia have a long way to go before they could be regarded as influential maritime States. This article concludes that both Malaysia and Indonesia should develop its oceans policy to go hand in hand with the global significance of the Straits of Malacca and Singapore. This has to be done in ensuring that both Malaysia and Indonesia could relive the glorious moments once enjoyed by both its predecessors – Srivijaya and Malacca.

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Section: Shippingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Protection Of the Marine Environment Through Co-operative Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Straits of Malacca and Singapore: Maritime Conduits of Global Importance

Rusli¹,

Suherman²,

Yuliantiningsih³

et al. 2021

RWE

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show abstract

“…Taking this factor into consideration, it is vital for the three littoral States of Malaysia, Singapore, and Indonesia to work together in determining areas to be designated as Special Areas under MARPOL 73/87 should these littoral States are serious in doing so. At the moment, the governments of the littoral States have yet to decide on future proposals for the proposed designation of the Straits of Malacca and Singapore as Special Areas (Zaideen, 2019a).…”

Section: The Viability Of Such a Designationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pollution control mechanism for the Straits of Malacca and Singapore: The proposed designation as a “Special Area” under MARPOL 73/78

Rusli

Дремлюга

Puspitawati

2020

Asian Politics and Policy

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The Straits of Malacca and Singapore are two of the busiest maritime chokepoints in the world. As straits used for international navigation categorized under Article 37 of the Law of the Sea Convention 1982 (LOSC), littoral States of Malaysia, Indonesia, and Singapore possess no rights to deny the exercise of the transit passage regime by foreign vessels plying these Straits. As a result, the marine environment of the Straits of Malacca and Singapore is gradually affected particularly by operational discharges from vessels. This article looks at the possibility of designating the Straits of Malacca and Singapore as a "Special Area" under the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, 1973 as modified by the Protocol of 1978 (MARPOL 73/78). This paper concludes by recommending the most appropriate "Special Area" designation under any of the Annexes of MARPOL 73/78 for the Straits of Malacca and Singapore. K E Y W O R D S international maritime organization, law of the sea, marine environmental protection, MARPOL 73/78, Straits of Malacca and Singapore Un mecanismo de control de la contaminación para los estrechos de Malaca y Singapur: una "zona especial" según MARPOL 73/78 Los estrechos de Malaca y Singapur son dos de los cuellos de botella marítimos más transitados del mundo. Ubicado

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The Legality of Passage of the Nuclear-Powered Submarines: Are Malaysia and Indonesia in Catch-22?

Rusli

2023

Mosc. j. int. law

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INTRODUCTION. Southeast Asia is home to some of the most important sea lines of communications (SLOCs) which are not only significant maritime conuits for merchant vessels, but military vessels of the superpower nations as well. While there have never been any casualties involving nuclear-powered submarines in this region, the fact remains that the number of such vessels traversing Southeast Asian SLOCs is predicted to rise in years to come.MATERIALS AND METHODS. This research is a result of analysis of international treaties applied to navigation of nuclear-powered submarines. Some of the materials used for preparing this paper include 1) the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea 1982; 2) AUKUS pact. The methodological basis of the research consists of traditional methods: general scientific methods (in this case, based on general principles of law) and specific methods.RESEARCH RESULTS. Other than China, Australia is another State within this region projected to own nuclear-powered submarines by 2040 through AUKUS. These developments have raised concerns among leaders of Southeast Asian nations, particularly Malaysia and Indonesia, the caretaker States of the Straits of Malacca and Singapore as well as the Indonesian archipelagic sea lanes. These maritime waterways are traversed by thousands of vessels each year, including nuclear-powered submarines belonging to nations already possessing them.DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS. This article concludes by reiterating that international law should provide an equitable balance between navigational rights and protection of the marine environment particularly in sea lines of communications which are subjected to liberal navigational rights, in relation to nuclear-powered submarines.

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Should the Straits of Malacca and Singapore Be Designated as a Special Area?

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

The Straits of Malacca and Singapore: Maritime Conduits of Global Importance

The Straits of Malacca and Singapore: Maritime Conduits of Global Importance

Pollution control mechanism for the Straits of Malacca and Singapore: The proposed designation as a “Special Area” under MARPOL 73/78

The Legality of Passage of the Nuclear-Powered Submarines: Are Malaysia and Indonesia in Catch-22?

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