Should both iodised and non-iodised salt be made available in Chinese cities? A cross-sectional survey

Yu, Jun; Liu, P; Liu, Y; Liu, S J; Sun, Dianjun

doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2014-005397

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Our findings of the continued reduction of IDD in China are consistent with previous studies [ 14 , 34 ]. There was no significant association between iodized salt intake and the three endemic diseases, which revealed that the current nutrition level of iodized salt did not cause the high goiter prevalence.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Association of iodized salt with goiter prevalence in Chinese populations: a continuity analysis over time

Liang

Luo

2017

Military Med Res

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BackgroundIodine deficiency disorders (IDD) refer to diseases that are caused by insufficient iodine intake, and the best strategy to prevent IDD is the addition of iodine to dietary salt. Because iodine deficiency is a common cause of goiter, the prevalence as effectively controlled after the implementation of universal salt iodization (USI) in China. However, there is substantial controversy as to whether the incidence of thyroid disorders is related to iodized salt intake. Therefore, we aimed to clarify whether the risk of goiter can be promoted by USI.MethodsA longitudinal continuous study based on the national monitoring results of IDD in China was performed for 3 consecutive years. We recorded the following indicators of IDD from 31 provinces: goiter number, two degrees of goiter (the degree of goiter severity) and cretinism (three endemic diseases), iodized salt intake, median urinary iodine concentration (UIC), soil iodine content and coverage rates of iodized salt. One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and linear regression analyses examined the differences between the three groups and correlations, respectively. Data were collected from the Chinese national IDD surveillance data in 2011-2013, and the background values of Chinese soil elements were published in 1990.ResultsA reference male’s daily intake of maximum iodine was 378.9 μg, 379.2 μg and 366.9 μg in 2011, 2012, and 2013, respectively. No statistical association between daily iodized salt intake and the three endemic diseases was observed in 2011-2013 (P > 0.05). No association was observed between daily iodized salt intake and the UIC of children in 2011 (P > 0.05). Linear regression revealed no significant correlation between the soil iodine content and three endemic diseases. The present study indicated no difference in the daily iodized salt intake in each province during three years (F = 0.886, P = 0.647). The coverage rate of iodized salt remained above 98.7%, and goiter rates were stable in 2011-2013.ConclusionThere was no significant association between iodized salt intake and the three endemic diseases, suggesting that the current nutrition level of iodized salt did not cause the high goiter prevalence.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Association of iodized salt with goiter prevalence in Chinese populations: a continuity analysis over time

Liang

Luo

2017

Military Med Res

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“…Our study also found that iodine education was one of the predictors for the iodine knowledge score, which is consistent with the findings from the UK and Ireland [ 24 ]. In China, iodine education activities such as promotional events and displays are carried out continuously by the relevant local and regional government authorities in order to increase the awareness and understanding of how to prevent Iodine Deficiency Disorders (IDD) in populations [ 29 , 30 ]. In addition, China has a National IDD Prevention Day on 15 May each year [ 30 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In China, iodine education activities such as promotional events and displays are carried out continuously by the relevant local and regional government authorities in order to increase the awareness and understanding of how to prevent Iodine Deficiency Disorders (IDD) in populations [ 29 , 30 ]. In addition, China has a National IDD Prevention Day on 15 May each year [ 30 ]. Social media platforms such as WeiBo and WeChat are also used by the local and regional government authorities to address some misconceptions about the safety of iodized salt [ 30 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adequate Iodine Intake among Young Adults in Jiangsu Province, China Despite a Medium Iodine Knowledge Score

Jin

Luo

Feei

et al. 2020

EJIHPE

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Lack of iodine knowledge might be a risk factor for inadequate iodine intake in populations. Therefore, we aimed to determine the relationship between iodine knowledge and intake in young Chinese adults. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Suzhou, China. Iodine intake was assessed using a validated 33-item iodine-specific Chinese food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and iodine knowledge was determined using a Chinese iodine knowledge questionnaire. A total of 150 participants (mean age 20.3 years) completed the study. The median iodine intake plus iodized salt was 260 μg/d, indicating iodine sufficiency (>150 µg/d). The median iodine knowledge score was 16/24, suggesting a medium level of knowledge. The majority of participants correctly recognized fish and seafood (95%) and iodized salt (83%) as the most important dietary iodine sources. After adjusting for age and sex, studying in the science cluster and having received iodine education were the predictors of having a higher iodine knowledge score, with adjusted odd ratios (OR) of 4.33 (1.49, 12.61) and 2.73 (1.21, 6.14), respectively. In conclusion, young Chinese adults had an adequate iodine intake despite a medium iodine knowledge score. This study provides support that iodine fortification in China has been successful, but further research is required to more fully substantiate this finding.

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“…On the other hand, a study conducted by Yu et al [8] observed that the awareness rates of IDD and the benefits of iodine were 68.7% and 61.9%, respectively. Our study found that 96.3% of the households were using iodized salt.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge, attitude and practices regarding iodine deficiency disorders

Konda¹,

Ravi²,

Giri³

2017

Int J Med Sci Public Health

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Should both iodised and non-iodised salt be made available in Chinese cities? A cross-sectional survey

Cited by 4 publications

References 4 publications

Association of iodized salt with goiter prevalence in Chinese populations: a continuity analysis over time

Association of iodized salt with goiter prevalence in Chinese populations: a continuity analysis over time

Adequate Iodine Intake among Young Adults in Jiangsu Province, China Despite a Medium Iodine Knowledge Score

Knowledge, attitude and practices regarding iodine deficiency disorders

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