Short-term therapy for urinary tract infection: success and failure

Nicolle, Lindsay E.

doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2007.07.040

Cited by 28 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…This view is supported by the work of [54], who reported that sex is the cause of 75% -90% of bladder infections, and that the risk of infection is invariably related to the frequency of sex. The variation in UTI incidence from one geographical location to another could be attributed to differences in UTI perception, mode of screening, compounding risk factors such as age, parity [55], pregnancy [33] and host behavioural factors [28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Incidence of Urinary Tract Infections (UTI) amongst Patients Attending Primary Health Centres in Anambra State

Ogbukagu¹,

Anakwenze²,

Ekwealor³

et al. 2016

AiM

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Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most prevalent extra-intestinal bacterial infections. It is a common disease encountered in medical practice affecting people of all ages, from neonate to geriatric age group. These infections are on the increase for outpatients attending Primary Health Centres in Anambra State, Nigeria, therefore the need for this study. The prevalence rate of urinary tract infection, age distribution and influence of sex were determined. Susceptibility pattern of the infectious organisms to antimicrobial agent were examined. Clean-catch midstream urine samples were collected and examined. Out of 3000 urine samples examined, 528 bacterial isolates were recovered and characterized. These include: Escherichia coli (24.2%), Klebsiella spp. (18.2%), Staphylococcus aureus (18.2%), Proteus mirabilis (9.1%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (9.1%), Enterococcus faecalis (9.1%), Citrobacter intermedius (6.1%) and Staphylococcus saprophyticus (6.1%). More females (52%) were infected than males (48%) and in both sexes, the highest incidence was found amongst the age group, 26 -38 years. Gram negative rods had the highest incidence in both sexes. Among the towns in Anambra state, Umunya in southern province was observed to have the highest incidence rate of UTI. Susceptibility test of the bacterial isolates to antimicrobial agents showed that Staphylococcus aureus was sensitive to Cephalexin, Penicillin V, Erythromycin and Gentamycin while Pseudomonas aeruginosa was resistant to all the antibiotics. Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. were resistant to all the antibiotics except Gentamycin while Citrobacter intermedius was resistant only to Cephalexin and Erythromycin. This study provides the evidence of urinary tract infections amongst outpatients of primary health centres and the drugs for their control.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Incidence of Urinary Tract Infections (UTI) amongst Patients Attending Primary Health Centres in Anambra State

Ogbukagu¹,

Anakwenze²,

Ekwealor³

et al. 2016

AiM

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“…2 Sebanyak 80-90% penyakit ISK disebabkan oleh bakteri Escherichia coli. [3][4][5][6] Berdasarkan data rekam medik RSUP dr. M. Djamil Padang pada tahun 2013 terdapat 273 pasien yang menderita ISK di seluruh ruangan rawat inap. Sebanyak 59,70% berasal dari bangsal penyakit dalam yang merupakan persentase terbanyak dari seluruh ruangan di rumah sakit.…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

“…11,18,20,21 Food and Drug Administration (FDA) tidak menganjurkan terapi antibiotik sefalosporin untuk terapi ISK karena, selain tidak ada keuntungan yang utama, harganya mahal, kurang aktif untuk kuman enterococci, serta kosentrasinya dalam urin cenderung rendah kecuali sefazolin dan seftriakson yang memiliki kosentrasi yang cukup tinggi di urin. 3,19,20 Penggunaan antibiotik amoksisilin dan ampisilin secara teori dapat menjadi pilihan pada kasus ISK. Namun, menurut Schaeffer, antibiotik ampisilin dan amoksisilin memiliki resistensi yang tinggi terhadap bakteri E. Coli (81,82%).…”

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Analysis of Parenteral Antimicrobial Usage in Patients with Urinary Tract Infection at dr. M. Djamil Padang Hospital

Ramadheni

Tobat

Zahro

2016

Indones J Clin Pharm

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AbstrakInfeksi saluran kemih (ISK) merupakan salah satu penyakit infeksi yang memiliki prevalensi cukup tinggi. Berdasarkan data rekam medis RSUP dr. M. Djamil Padang pada tahun 2013, terdapat pasien ISK sebanyak 273 orang. Tujuan penelitan ini adalah untuk menganalisis rasionalitas terapi antimikroba parenteral serta pengelolaannya di bangsal penyakit dalam RSUP dr. M. Djamil Padang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional menggunakan data prospektif pada bulan April sampai Juni 2015 di bangsal penyakit dalam. Kriteria inklusi yaitu pasien ISK dewasa (>18 tahun), dirawat di bangsal penyakit dalam RSUP dr. M. Djamil, serta mendapatkan terapi antimikroba parenteral. Hasil analisis penggunaan antimikroba parenteral menunjukkan bahwa antibiotik sefalosporin generasi III paling banyak digunakan (79,16%) serta dikombinasi dengan quinolon, flukonazol, dan metronidazol. Hasil analisis rasionalitas memperlihatkan bahwa terapi telah tepat indikasi, tepat pasien, tepat obat, dan tepat obat dan penggunaannya (94,7%). Pada proses pengelolaan sediaan antimikroba parenteral ditemukan bahwa penyimpanannya telah tepat, namun proses rekonstitusi belum memenuhi teknik aseptis serta prosedur yang telah ditetapkan oleh Departemen Kesehatan tahun 2009. Based on the Medical Record Data, there were 273 patients with UTI. The purpose of the study was to analyse the rationality of parental antimicrobial preparation use and management. This prospective observasional study used data from April to June 2015 in internal medicine wards. The inclusion criteria include UTI adult patients (>18 years), were treated at the department of internal medicine ward dr. M. Djamil hospital, as well as parenteral antimicrobial therapy. Results of the statistical analysis showed that the use of antimicrobial parenteral used of third generation cephalosporin antibiotik most widely used was (79.16%) and in combination with quinolones, fluconazole, and metronidazole. Results of the analysis showed that the therapy, patient, frequency, dosage and precise method of drug administration was (100%) duration of therapy was (94,7%) appropriate. As for the process management of parenteral antimicrobial preparations was found that the storage was right, but the reconstitution process has not complied with the procedures established by the Ministry of Health in 2009. The use of parenteral antimicrobial in patients with UTIs at dr. M. Djamil Padang hospital has been rational, but the reconstitution process is not appropriate the procedures established by the Ministry of Health in 2009.

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“…Its efficacy in this condition has been assessed by many studies and has been reviewed by several authors. 55,186,187 The studies were nonblinded, single-blinded, or doubleblinded comparisons. A single 3 g dose of fosfomycin was compared with single doses of amoxicillin 3 g, 188,189 ofloxacin 200 mg, 190 norfloxacin 800 mg, 191 pefloxacin 800 mg, 192 trimethoprim 200 mg, 193 and cotrimoxazole 1920 mg. 190 A single dose of fosfomycin was also compared with amoxicillin + clavulanic acid 375 mg four times daily for five days, 194 cefalexin 500 mg four times daily for five days, 195 ciprofloxacin 500 mg twice daily for five days, 196 pipemidic acid 400 mg twice daily for 5-7 days, [197][198][199] norfloxacin 400 mg bid for 5-7 days, 197,[200][201][202][203] cotrimoxazole 480 mg twice daily for three days, 204 trimethoprim 200 mg twice daily for five days, 18 and nitrofurantoin 50 mg four times daily for seven days.…”

Section: Clinical Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fosfomycin and Its Application in the Treatment of Multidrug-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae Infections

2011

Clinical Medicine Reviews in Therapeutics

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Abstract:The use of fosfomycin has been limited in therapeutics in recent years. Because it has shown good antibacterial activity in vitro and clinical efficacy in some domains, it has been proposed as an alternative to current antimicrobial agents, which are subject to increasing resistance. This paper reviews the main properties of fosfomycin and the latest publications concerning multidrugresistant Enterobacteriaceae infections. In uncomplicated urinary tract infections, a single oral dose was found to be safe and effective. In complicated urinary tract infections, the same results were observed with several doses. In both cases, by using fosfomycin to treat infections, the use of carbapenems could be reduced, leading to lower costs and better microbial ecology. In severe infections, combinations with intravenous fosfomycin need to be explored further because its future activity may depend on choosing a good partner drug. Because of the fast evolution of microbial resistance, more studies are urgently needed.

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Short-term therapy for urinary tract infection: success and failure

Cited by 28 publications

References 39 publications

Incidence of Urinary Tract Infections (UTI) amongst Patients Attending Primary Health Centres in Anambra State

Incidence of Urinary Tract Infections (UTI) amongst Patients Attending Primary Health Centres in Anambra State

Analysis of Parenteral Antimicrobial Usage in Patients with Urinary Tract Infection at dr. M. Djamil Padang Hospital

Fosfomycin and Its Application in the Treatment of Multidrug-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae Infections

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