Short-term pre-exposure increases earthworm tolerance to mercury

Gudbrandsen, Marius; Sverdrup, Line Emilie; Aamodt, Solveig; Stenersen, Jørgen

doi:10.1016/j.ejsobi.2007.08.025

Cited by 29 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…xenobiotics implies constitutive and hereditary mechanisms allowing tolerance such as overproduction of specific compounds, (Brausch and Smith, 2009), or alteration of a target or receptor (Fournier and Mutero, 1994).Such adaptations to metals have been studied in terrestrial invertebrates including earthworms (Donker et al, 1993;Gudbrandsen et al, 2007;Posthuma, 1990). However to the extent of our knowledge no attempt has been made to evaluate adaptation processes in earthworms against organic pesticides.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acclimation of earthworms to chemicals in anthropogenic landscapes, physiological mechanisms and soil ecological implications

Givaudan¹,

Wiegand²,

Bot³

et al. 2014

Soil Biology and Biochemistry

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International audienceBecause earthworms sustain soil functioning and fertility, there is a need to advance the knowledge of their adaptation potential to chemicals in anthropogenic landscapes. Our hypothesis is that there is acclimation to organic chemicals (pesticides) in earthworms that durably persist under conventional farming in anthropogenic landscapes. The adaptation capability of two populations of earthworms (Aporectodea caliginosa) having a different chemical exposure history, - one originating from 20 years of organic farming (naïve population) and another from 20 years of conventional farming (pre-exposed population) - to cope with soil organic pollutant (Opus®, epoxiconazole a worldwide used fungicide) were investigated. Several complementary metabolic and energetic endpoints were followed, and cast production was assessed as a behavioural biomarker related to earthworms ecological role for the soil. Basal metabolism reflected by respiration rate was increased in both fungicide-exposed worms compared to controls. Glycogen resources were decreased in the same proportion in the two populations but more rapidly for the naïve (7 days) than for the pre-exposed population (28 days). Soluble protein and most amino-acids contents increased in the pre-exposed population only, suggesting a detoxification mechanism. Metabolomic profiles showed a cut-off between fungicide-exposed and control groups in the pre-exposed earthworms only, with an increase in most of the metabolites. Exposure to a low dose of epoxiconazole increased cast production of pre-exposed earthworms, and this resulted in an increase in pesticide disappearance. As far as we know, this is the first study which evidenced there is an acclimation to an agricultural chemical in earthworms derived from conventional farming that also relates to a change in their burrowing behaviour, and for which larger consequences for the soil ecosystem need to be addressed. This original finding is of major interest in the frame of ecosystem resilience to global changes. Whether this physiological adaptation is a general pattern of response against fungicides or other pesticides would need to be confirmed with other molecules and agricultural contexts

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acclimation of earthworms to chemicals in anthropogenic landscapes, physiological mechanisms and soil ecological implications

Givaudan¹,

Wiegand²,

Bot³

et al. 2014

Soil Biology and Biochemistry

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“…A toxicidade do cobre diminuiu após adição de EDTA no meio (Arnold et al 2007), mas a absorção de chumbo e a mortalidade das minhocas foram maiores após aplicação do EDTA (Jones et al 2007). A reprodução de minhocas foi mais sensível à exposição a substratos com mercúrio do que a sobrevivência (Gudbrandsen et al 2007). A minhoca anécica L. terrestris acumulou mais Mn do que a endogêica A. caliginosa.…”

Section: Estudos Ecotoxicológicos De Minhocas Comounclassified

Uso de minhocas como bioindicadores de contaminaçao de solos.

Andréa

2010

AZM

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Bouché, 1972, as qualificaram para testes de toxicidade para fins de registro de agrotóxicos, junto aos órgãos regulamentadores de diversos países. Além da relativa facilidade de criação de E. fetida e E. andrei, as condições desses testes são internacionalmente aceitas e permitem padronização de estudos e comparações internacionais; informam sobre toxicidade relativa às espécies endêmicas; permitem avaliações preliminares em relação a intervalos de doses do poluente para os testes; fornecem estimativas sobre o CENO (concentração sem efeito observável) para exposição contínua, e ajudam no estabelecimento de condições para testes de efeitos subletais e sub-crônicos. Este artigo apresenta resultados e questionamentos de vários estudos ecotoxicológicos com minhocas como bioindicadores de contaminação ambiental. As pesquisas mostraram que a bioacumulação de agrotóxicos, metais, derivados do petróleo, antibióticos e compostos de uso veterinário em minhocas varia conforme a espécie, o composto, concentração, tempo de contato e características do solo. Outras respostas das minhocas em reação a poluentes foram observadas, tais como: variações na produção e peso de casulos; efeitos fisiológicos e deformações, e reações comportamentais de espiralamento, mudanças na capacidade de escavação, agitação e rejeição ao solo contaminado. Verifica-se que o potencial de informações bioindicadoras de poluição provenientes de estudos com minhocas é bastante grande, mas as análises devem levar em conta as espécies, categorias ecológicas, as condições ambientais e as analogias com outros organismos, usos, abusos e misturas de agrotóxicos e outros poluentes. Palavras chave: Agrotóxicos, metais pesados, outros poluentes, bioindicadores, ecotoxicologia. Andréa, M. M. de. 2010. El uso de las lombrices de tierra como bioindicadoras de la contaminación de los suelos. Acta Zoológica Mexicana (n.s.), Número Especial 2: 97-107. RESUMEN. El nicho ecológico de las lombrices de tierra las caracteriza como organismos del suelo muy importantes que se pueden utilizar como bioindicadores ambientales. Las características de las lombrices de tierra, principalmente de Eisenia fetida (Savigny, 1826) y E. andrei Bouché, 1972 las califica para realizar las pruebas de toxicidad requeridas para el registro de plaguicidas en muchos países. Además de la facilidad de cría de E. fetida y E. andrei, las condiciones de estas pruebas son aceptadas internacionalmente, permitiendo la estandarización de los estudios y comparaciones en el ámbito internacional. Los resultados de estas pruebas dan información sobre la relativa toxicidad de una ISSN 0065-1737 Acta Zoológica Mexicana (n.s.) Número Especial 2: 95-107 (2010 Recibido: 16/05/2008; aceptado: 08/01/2010.

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“…The toxicity of Hg to terrestrial invertebrates and its effects on survival, reproduction and growth is not well documented although such information is important for risk assessment from Hg pollution in terrestrial ecosystems. The toxicity of Hg 2+ is strongly linked to its affinity for the sulphydryl groups, which are found in most proteins (Gudbrandsen et al 2007 ). Earthworms in particular, have the ability to bioaccumulate toxins and can concentrate them internally to high levels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Earthworms can survive high-level of exposure by regularly crawling out of the exposure mixture. This practice decreases their contact time with the contaminated soil (Gudbrandsen et al 2007 ). Bioaccumulation of Cu, Cd, Pb and Zn by earthworms is well documented and is thought to be in the chloragogenous tissue surrounding the posterior alimentary canal (Li et al 2010 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioaccumulation of total mercury in the earthworm Eisenia andrei

2016

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Earthworms are a major part of the total biomass of soil fauna and play a vital role in soil maintenance. They process large amounts of plant and soil material and can accumulate many pollutants that may be present in the soil. Earthworms have been explored as bioaccumulators for many heavy metal species such as Pb, Cu and Zn but limited information is available for mercury uptake and bioaccumulation in earthworms and very few report on the factors that influence the kinetics of Hg uptake by earthworms. It is known however that the uptake of Hg is strongly influenced by the presence of organic matter, hence the influence of ligands are a major factor contributing to the kinetics of mercury uptake in biosystems. In this work we have focused on the uptake of mercury by earthworms (Eisenia andrei) in the presence of humic acid (HA) under varying physical conditions of pH and temperature, done to assess the role of humic acid in the bioaccumulation of mercury by earthworms from soils. The study was conducted over a 5-day uptake period and all earthworm samples were analysed by direct mercury analysis. Mercury distribution profiles as a function of time, bioaccumulation factors (BAFs), first order rate constants and body burden constants for mercury uptake under selected conditions of temperature, pH as well as via the dermal and gut route were evaluated in one comprehensive approach. The results showed that the uptake of Hg was influenced by pH, temperature and the presence of HA. Uptake of Hg2+ was improved at low pH and temperature when the earthworms in soil were in contact with a saturating aqueous phase. The total amount of Hg2+ uptake decreased from 75 to 48 % as a function of pH. For earthworms in dry soil, the uptake was strongly influenced by the presence of the ligand. Calculated BAF values ranged from 0.1 to 0.8. Mercury uptake typically followed first order kinetics with rate constants determined as 0.2 to 1 h−1.

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Short-term pre-exposure increases earthworm tolerance to mercury

Cited by 29 publications

References 27 publications

Acclimation of earthworms to chemicals in anthropogenic landscapes, physiological mechanisms and soil ecological implications

Acclimation of earthworms to chemicals in anthropogenic landscapes, physiological mechanisms and soil ecological implications

Uso de minhocas como bioindicadores de contaminaçao de solos.

Bioaccumulation of total mercury in the earthworm Eisenia andrei

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