Short-term moderate exercise programs reduce oxidative DNA damage as determined by high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry in patients with colorectal carcinoma following primary treatment

Allgayer, H.; Owen, Robert W.; Nair, Jagadeesan; Spiegelhalder, B; Streit, Jürgen; Reichel, Christoph; Bartsch, Helmut

doi:10.1080/00365520701766111

Cited by 70 publications

(95 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…In einer Subgruppenanalyse nach Berücksichtigung der aeroben Fitness (VO 2max ) zeigte sich allerdings eine lineare Reduktion der F2-Isoprostan-Level mit Zunahme des VO 2max (p = 0,005). Ähnliche positive Effekte wurden in einem Sportprogramm mit kürze-rer Dauer (tägliches laktat-/wattgesteuertes Ausdauertraining für zwei Wochen) beobachtet, bei dem als oxidativer Stressmarker die Konzentration der oxidierten DNA-Base 8-oxo-dG im Urin gemessen wurde [52]. Allerdings war hier die Wirkung auf die Gruppe mit einer moderaten Trainingsintensität beschränkt.…”

Section: Wirkung Auf Den Oxidativen Stress Und Auf Dna-reparatur-mechunclassified

Physiologische und molekulare Mechanismen der Wirkung von körperlicher Aktivität auf das Krebsrisiko und den Verlauf einer Krebserkrankung

Ulrich

Wiskemann

Steindorf

2011

Bundesgesundheitsbl.

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Physical activity is associated with a reduced risk of colon, breast, endometrial, lung, and pancreatic cancer. Evidence for mediating molecular mechanisms from experimental studies substantially strengthens the causal inference for this relationship. Randomized controlled trials indicate that exercise affects metabolic profiles, including hormone levels (estrogen, insulin signaling), inflammation (e.g., C-reactive protein), and adipokine concentrations (e.g., leptin). The size of the effect depends frequently on concurrent changes in body composition. There is also initial evidence for effects on immune function, oxidative stress, and possibly DNA repair capacity. Finally, outdoor physical activity can directly increase 25(OH)-vitamin D levels, providing another potential mechanism for linking physical activity to cancer risk. Randomized controlled studies with biomarker measurements are essential to increase evidence for causality and to identify the most effective intervention strategies and pharmacologic targets.

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Section: Wirkung Auf Den Oxidativen Stress Und Auf Dna-reparatur-mechunclassified

Physiologische und molekulare Mechanismen der Wirkung von körperlicher Aktivität auf das Krebsrisiko und den Verlauf einer Krebserkrankung

Ulrich

Wiskemann

Steindorf

2011

Bundesgesundheitsbl.

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“…Six studies specifically mentioned that people with metastatic disease would be excluded or only people with local disease would be included. 49,143,145,146,[148][149][150] Thus, there appears to be a bias towards people with early-stage disease, thereby limiting generalisability of findings to people with metastatic disease.…”

Section: Eligibility Ratementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ways in which these criteria are likely to impact eligibility rates and also likely to influence study bias and generalisability of results are discussed below. Table 38 shows that 6 (including CRIB) out of 13 studies specified that only people aged ≥ 18 years were eligible; 49,145,146,148 two studies excluded people who were aged > 75 years 143,150 and another excluded people who were aged > 65 years. 142 Given that it is very rare for young people to have a CRC diagnosis, we can confidently assume that a lower age criterion does not have a decisive influence on eligibility rates.…”

Section: Eligibility Ratementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Only one study was specifically designed for people who were on active treatment (i.e. receiving adjuvant chemotherapy); 148 one study (CRIB) included people on or off active treatment, seven studies made it clear that people on active treatment would be excluded, 49,[142][143][144]147,149,150 and it was not clear in four studies if people on active treatment were included or not. 44,[144][145][146] We are aware of only one current physical activity intervention trial for people with CRC on active treatment.…”

Section: Eligibility Ratementioning

confidence: 99%

“…142 Given that it is very rare for young people to have a CRC diagnosis, we can confidently assume that a lower age criterion does not have a decisive influence on eligibility rates. Nine studies (including CRIB) included language restriction as a criterion, 44,49,142,143,145,146,149,150 suggesting a bias towards people who speak a country's first language and thereby potentially limiting generalisability of the study findings to other groups of the population. In CRIB, no patients with CRC were excluded because they were unable to speak English, suggesting that this criterion did not have any bearing on the eligibility rate.…”

Section: Eligibility Ratementioning

confidence: 99%

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The use of cardiac rehabilitation services to aid the recovery of patients with bowel cancer: a pilot randomised controlled trial with embedded feasibility study

Hubbard

Munro

O’Carroll

et al. 2016

Health Serv Deliv Res

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Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) survivors are not meeting the recommended physical activity levels associated with improving their chances of survival and quality of life. Rehabilitation could address this problem. Objectives: The aims of the Cardiac Rehabilitation In Bowel cancer study were to assess whether or not cardiac rehabilitation is a feasible and acceptable model to aid the recovery of people with CRC and to test the feasibility and acceptability of the protocol design. Design: Intervention testing and feasibility work (phase 1) and a pilot randomised controlled trial with embedded qualitative study (phase 2), supplemented with an economic evaluation. Randomisation was to cardiac rehabilitation or usual care. Outcomes were differences in objective measures of physical activity and sedentary behaviour, self-reported measures of quality of life, anxiety, depression and fatigue. Qualitative work involved patients and clinicians from both cancer and cardiac specialties. Setting: Three colorectal cancer wards and three cardiac rehabilitation facilities. Participants: Inclusion criteria were those who were aged > 18 years, had primary CRC and were post surgery. Results: Phase 1 (single site) – of 34 patient admissions, 24 (70%) were eligible and 4 (17%) participated in cardiac rehabilitation. Sixteen clinicians participated in an interview/focus group. Modifications to trial procedures were made for further testing in phase 2. Additionally, 20 clinicians in all three sites were trained in cancer and exercise, rating it as excellent. Phase 2 (three sites) – screening, eligibility, consent and retention rates were 156 (79%), 133 (67%), 41 (31%) and 38 (93%), respectively. Questionnaire completion rates were 40 (97.5%), 31 (75%) and 25 (61%) at baseline, follow-up 1 and follow-up 2, respectively. Forty (69%) accelerometer data sets were analysed; 20 (31%) were removed owing to invalid data. Qualitative study: CRC and cardiac patients and clinicians were interviewed. Key themes were benefits and barriers for people with CRC attending cardiac rehabilitation; generic versus disease-specific rehabilitation; key concerns of the intervention; and barriers to participation (CRC participants only). Economic evaluation: The average out-of-pocket expenses of attending cardiac rehabilitation were £50. The costs of cardiac rehabilitation for people with cancer are highly dependent on whether it involves accommodating additional patients in an already existing service or setting up a completely new service. Limitations and conclusions: The main limitation is that this is a small feasibility and pilot study. The main novel finding is that cardiac rehabilitation for cancer and cardiac patients together is feasible and acceptable, thereby challenging disease-specific rehabilitation models. Future work: This study highlighted important challenges to doing a full-scale trial of cardiac rehabilitation but does not, we believe, provide sufficient evidence to reject the possibility of such a future trial. We reco...

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Physical activity and exercise interventions for disease-related physical and mental health during and following treatment in people with non-advanced colorectal cancer

McGettigan

Cardwell

Cantwell

et al. 2017

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

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Short-term moderate exercise programs reduce oxidative DNA damage as determined by high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry in patients with colorectal carcinoma following primary treatment

Cited by 70 publications

References 28 publications

Physiologische und molekulare Mechanismen der Wirkung von körperlicher Aktivität auf das Krebsrisiko und den Verlauf einer Krebserkrankung

Physiologische und molekulare Mechanismen der Wirkung von körperlicher Aktivität auf das Krebsrisiko und den Verlauf einer Krebserkrankung

The use of cardiac rehabilitation services to aid the recovery of patients with bowel cancer: a pilot randomised controlled trial with embedded feasibility study

Physical activity and exercise interventions for disease-related physical and mental health during and following treatment in people with non-advanced colorectal cancer

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