Short-term effect of chewing gums containing probiotic<i>Lactobacillus reuteri</i>on the levels of inflammatory mediators in gingival crevicular fluid

Twetman, Svante; Derawi, Bilal; Keller, Mette Kirstine; Ekstrand, Kim R.; Yucel‐Lindberg, Tülay; Stecksén‐Blicks, Christina

doi:10.1080/00016350802516170

Cited by 227 publications

(233 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…However, there are only few studies that investigated the influence of probiotics on gingivitis or periodontitis. Twetman et al (2009) reported a reduction of clinical symptoms caused by gingivitis after the use of chewing gum containing Lactobacillus reuteri for 2 weeks. Krasse et al (2006) documented the effects of probiotics on moderate to severe gingivitis in 59 patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several clinical studies demonstrated that a regular consumption of probiotic lactobacilli and Bifidobacterium decreased the number of cariogenic streptococci in saliva and dental plaque, resulting in a significant lower risk of caries (Näse et al, 2001;Ahola et al, 2002;Ç aglar et al, 2006;Ç aglar et al, 2007;Cildir et al, 2009). Several studies also revealed that probiotic Lactobacillus strains were reducing gingival inflammation (Krasse et al, 2006;Twetman et al, 2009), improving periodontal health (Shimauchi et al, 2008) and decreasing the concentration of black-pigmented rods including Porphyromonas gingivalis in saliva and subgingival plaque (Ishikawa et al, 2003;Matsuoka et al, 2006). In contrast, Staab et al (2009) found no changes of clinical inflammatory parameters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Probiotics affect the clinical inflammatory parameters of experimental gingivitis in humans

et al. 2011

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Objectives: To determine the effects of a probiotic milk drink consumed over a period of 28 days, regarding the expression of clinical inflammatory parameters of the oral gingiva during various phases of plaque-induced gingivitis. Methods: Twenty-eight adults with healthy gingiva took part in a prospective and clinical-controlled study. The test group was advised to consume a probiotic milk drink (Yacult) daily during a period of 4 weeks; the control group did not receive any probiotic food or drink. After 2 weeks of consumption of the probiotic drink, participants were advised not to brush their teeth for 14 days. Subsequently, at baseline as well as on days 1, 3, 5, 7 and 14, the following clinical parameters were assessed: plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) volume and bleeding on probing (BOP). Results: At baseline, the PI was significantly higher in the test group compared with controls (0.44±0.50 vs 0.09±0.24 PI; P ¼ 0.0001). The termination of oral hygiene increased clinical inflammatory parameters in both groups. At day 14, the parameters PI, GI, GCF volume and BOP were significantly higher compared with baseline values (P ¼ 0.0001). At day 14, BOP levels (18.75 ± 12.32 vs 36.88 ± 12.54%) and GCF volume (18.78 ± 16.7 vs 35.72 ± 16.1 Periotron units) were significantly lower in the test group compared with the control group (P ¼ 0.005). Conclusion:The results of our study indicate that a daily consumption of a probiotic milk drink reduces the effects of plaqueinduced gingival inflammation associated with a higher plaque score due to the high-carbohydrate content of the probiotic milk beverage.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probiotics affect the clinical inflammatory parameters of experimental gingivitis in humans

et al. 2011

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“…The reduction of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-8) in gingival crevicular fluid can be regarded proof of concept for the application of Lactobacillus reuteri in a chewing gum. The modulating effect of short-term intake of probiotics on the oral immune response is dose dependent [52]. An anti-inflammatory effect of Lactobacillus brevis, administered as lozenge to patients with chronic periodontitis, was shown by a significant decrease in the amount of nitrite/nitrate, prostaglandin E2 and matrix metalloproteinase in saliva [53].…”

Section: Periodontal Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Lactobacilli for the Treatment of Oral Diseases

Hoffmann¹,

Daniels²

2017

J Prob Health

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Probiotics are defined as live microorganisms that beneficially affect the host. Probiotic bacteria have been used therapeutically for years to target gastrointestinal disease by rebalancing the complex microflora. Besides the gastrointestinal tract also the oral cavity is highly colonized by bacteria and many different bacterial species are part of the microbiota in the mouth, as it offers ideal conditions for bacteria with a stable temperature, moist surface with a relatively stable pH and regular supply of nutrients. By disturbing the balance of microorganisms in the oral cavity or by extensive accumulation of plaque, the ratio of pathogenic organisms can increase and lead to oral health problems. Probiotic bacteria, like lactobacilli, are a promising treatment strategy for oral diseases with a microbiological aetiology. Those include plaqueassociated diseases like dental caries, which is an infectious disease with microbial processes eroding and destroying the hard dental tissue or inflammation of periodontal tissue, namely gingivitis and the more severe periodontitis. Moreover, endodontic infections, and even fungal, viral and acute bacterial infections could be treated by a probiotic therapy. The interest of probiotics in the field of oral health is growing, although it is still in its infancy. The present review adresses criteria for the selection of probiotic lactobacilli strains. It encompasses existing evidence on the use of lactobacilli for caries, halitosis and candidiasis, as well as for periodontal disease like Gingivitis and periodontitis.

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“…In a clinical study, the use of chewing gum containing Lactobacillus reuteri ATCC 55,730 or ATCC PTA5289 over a two-week period was associated with significant reductions in TNF-α and IL-8 in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) from baseline in 42 subjects with moderate gingivitis [13]. However, no differences were reported in these levels for the probiotic group versus the placebo group.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ex vivo anti-inflammatory effects of probiotics for periodontal health

Schmitter

Fiebich²,

Fischer

et al. 2018

Journal of Oral Microbiology

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Background: Probiotic bacteria with anti-inflammatory properties have the potential to be of therapeutic benefit in gingivitis.Objective: To evaluate the effects of potential probiotic strains on inflammatory mediators involved in early gingivitis using an ex vivo inflammation model.Methods: Strains were screened in viable and attenuated forms for effects on bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated release of interleukins (IL)-1β, -6 and -8, tumor necrosis factor-α, prostaglandin E2 and 8-isoprostane from human primary monocytes, and then, if anti-inflammatory effects were shown, on IL-1β-stimulated release of inflammatory mediators from primary gingival fibroblasts. Lead strains were evaluated for optimal dosing, batch-to-batch variation and functional consistency in toothpaste.Results: Twenty-one of 73 strains showed anti-inflammatory effects in monocytes; of which, seven showed effects in both viable and attenuated forms. Seven of 14 strains showed effects in fibroblasts. Strains Lactobacillus paracasei LPc-G110(SYBIO-15) and Lactobacillus plantarum GOS42(SYBIO-41) induced statistically significant dose-dependent reductions in the release of multiple inflammatory mediators from monocytes, which were consistent across batches. Viable L. paracasei LPc-G110 tooth paste significantly reduced IL-6, IL-8 and prostaglandin E2 release from monocytes versus placebo.Conclusion: Strains L. paracasei LPc-G110 and L. plantarum GOS42 have potential for use as probiotics in oral care products to reduce gingival inflammation.

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Short-term effect of chewing gums containing probioticLactobacillus reuterion the levels of inflammatory mediators in gingival crevicular fluid

Abstract: The reduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines in GCF may be proof of principle for the probiotic approach combating inflammation in the oral cavity.

Cited by 227 publications

References 30 publications

Probiotics affect the clinical inflammatory parameters of experimental gingivitis in humans

Probiotics affect the clinical inflammatory parameters of experimental gingivitis in humans

Lactobacilli for the Treatment of Oral Diseases

Ex vivo anti-inflammatory effects of probiotics for periodontal health

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