Ex vivo anti-inflammatory effects of probiotics for periodontal health

Abstract

Background: Probiotic bacteria with anti-inflammatory properties have the potential to be of therapeutic benefit in gingivitis.Objective: To evaluate the effects of potential probiotic strains on inflammatory mediators involved in early gingivitis using an ex vivo inflammation model.Methods: Strains were screened in viable and attenuated forms for effects on bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated release of interleukins (IL)-1β, -6 and -8, tumor necrosis factor-α, prostaglandin E2 and 8-isoprostane from human primary monocytes, and then, if anti-inflammatory effects were shown, on IL-1β-stimulated release of inflammatory mediators from primary gingival fibroblasts. Lead strains were evaluated for optimal dosing, batch-to-batch variation and functional consistency in toothpaste.Results: Twenty-one of 73 strains showed anti-inflammatory effects in monocytes; of which, seven showed effects in both viable and attenuated forms. Seven of 14 strains showed effects in fibroblasts. Strains Lactobacillus paracasei LPc-G110(SYBIO-15) and Lactobacillus plantarum GOS42(SYBIO-41) induced statistically significant dose-dependent reductions in the release of multiple inflammatory mediators from monocytes, which were consistent across batches. Viable L. paracasei LPc-G110 tooth paste significantly reduced IL-6, IL-8 and prostaglandin E2 release from monocytes versus placebo.Conclusion: Strains L. paracasei LPc-G110 and L. plantarum GOS42 have potential for use as probiotics in oral care products to reduce gingival inflammation.

Do natural ingredients in a dentifrice contribute to prevention of plaque and gingivitis?

“…The model used is well established for testing anti‐inflammatory effects of compounds as it examines various inflammatory mediators. 58 , 59 Parameters such as PGE2 and IL‐1 are known to play a crucial role in gingivitis. The in vitro results showed that the tested extracts potently prevented both PGE2 and IL‐1 release.…”

Could Nutraceutical Approaches Possibly Attenuate the Cytokine Storm in COVID-19 Patients?

“…The probiotics have been shown to possess anti-inflammatory and immune-modulatory properties (Akour, 2020;Khaneghah et al, 2020). Mounting shreds of evidence from several in vitro studies suggest that the active anti-inflammatory role of probiotics by suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokine expression and reduction in the release of inflammatory mediators (Schmitter et al, 2018;Yu et al, 2019).…”

<p>The Impacts of Synbiotic Supplementation on Periodontal Indices and Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Chronic Periodontitis Under Non-Surgical Periodontal Therapy. A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial</p>

“…development of gingivitis and stimulates an inflammatory response in host cells. 37 The mechanism by which these strains can inhibit the LPS-stimulated release of inflammatory mediators from host cells has not been revealed and warrants investigation in future studies. However, previous research showed that probiotic strains used in the gut can interact with toll-like receptors on host cells to downregulate the expression of nuclear factor-kappa-B and proinflammatory cytokines.…”