Short Communication Sequence variation and gene duplication at the MHC DRB loci of the spotted seal Phoca largha

Gao, Xiaoyuan; Han, Jingfeng; Lu, Zengkui; Zhang, P. J.; He, Chongbo

doi:10.4238/2015.march.20.15

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(17 reference statements)

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“…The spotted seal ( Phoca largha ) is a small bodied pinniped that is distributed over a large geographic area of the North Pacific Ocean. The spotted seal is one of the most endangered species in China because of the destruction of its habitat by human activity (Gao, Han, Lu, Zhang, & He, 2015). Since the 1980s, spotted seals have been bred and reared in artificially controlled environments to protect this species in China.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Age‐related differences in gut microbial community composition of captive spotted seals (Phoca largha)

Tian

Han

et al. 2020

Marine Mammal Science

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Age is an important factor that significantly impacts the gut microbiota of various mammals. Captive spotted seals (Phoca largha) provide an ideal opportunity to study how age affects their gut microbiota, excluding other environmental factors, which is a challenge when monitoring wildlife. Here, the bacterial composition of the feces of captive spotted seals from four age groups were analyzed; namely, pup (<1 year old), juvenile (1-2 years old), subadult (2-3 years old), and adult (≥4 years old). Firmicutes were the dominant bacteria in all measured feces; however, the composition of gut microbiota in seals of different ages was distinct. Blautia, Slackia, and an unclassified Peptostreptococcaceae were more abundant in pups; Clostridium was abundant in juveniles; Fusobacterium, Bacteroides, and Psychrobacter were abundant in subadults; and Dorea and Peptostreptococcus abundant in adults. Two and 4 years of age appeared to be the most influential time nodes for variation in gut microbiota. In conclusion, this study identified age-related differences in the composition of gut microbiota in P. largha.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the 1980s, spotted seals have been bred and reared in artificially controlled environments to protect this species in China. Aquaria across China contain nearly 1,000 spotted seals, accounting for 50% of the total population (Gao et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age‐related differences in gut microbial community composition of captive spotted seals (Phoca largha)

Tian

Han

et al. 2020

Marine Mammal Science

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“…The fact that all individuals had more than two haplotypes suggested that these haplotypes did not arise from the same locus and, thus, could be regarded as evidence for the existence of gene duplication at the UTR of the ERP gene in E. sinensis. Gene duplications have been revealed in D-loop of mtDNA (Cjetva et al, 1992;Ludwig et al, 2000) and in many MHC loci, for example, the spotted seal (Phoca largha) DRB locus (Gao et al, 2015) and the cattle (Bos taurus) DQA and the DQB loci (Glass et al, 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic variations in the UTR of genes related to molting in Eriocheir sinensis

Xg¹,

Hs²,

Cb³

et al. 2015

Genet. Mol. Res.

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ABSTRACT.Crab grows by periodic molting, which is controlled by moltinhibiting hormone (MIH) and ecdysteroids. Untranslated regions (UTRs) play crucial roles in the posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression. In this study, using crab collected from Changjiang (Yangtze), Huanghe (Yellow), Liaohe, and Yalujiang rivers, 33 haplotypes of the 3ꞌ-UTR of ecdysteroidregulated protein (ERP) gene were identified, of which 14 haplotypes were observed in more than one individual. One hundred and forty clones of haplotype h2 (41.5%) were observed in samples from all the 4 rivers. Three haplotypes were observed to be insertions. For the whole crab sample, we found a positive Tajima's D value and a negative Fu's Fs test (Tajima's D value = 0.98726; Fu's Fs test = -27.382), although the P values were not significant (P > 0.10). The network profile of these 33 haplotypes presented a single core pattern with h2 as the core. In this study, we found that the UTR of ERP gene had a considerably high genetic polymorphism among crab from regions south to north of China. Furthermore, we observed a relatively high genetic divergence among different haplotypes, which would suggest a high diversity of the crab gene pool.

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“…During the past decades, China has continuously implemented artificial breeding and rearing activities for the maintenance of the P. largha population. At present, more than 1000 spotted seals are in captivity in the aquarium of China, accounting for 50% of the total population 2 . Despite advances in species conservation, captivity has also been shown to affect genetic and physiological characteristics in a variety of animals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteomics reveals the preliminary physiological states of the spotted seal (Phoca largha) pups

Tian

Han

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Spotted seal (Phoca largha) is a critically endangered pinniped in China and South Korea. The conventional method to protect and maintain the P. largha population is to keep them captive in artificially controlled environments. However, little is known about the physiological differences between wild and captive P. largha. To generate a preliminary protein expression profile for P. largha, whole blood from wild and captive pups were subjected to a label-free comparative proteomic analysis. According to the results, 972 proteins were identified and predicted to perform functions related to various metabolic, immune, and cellular processes. Among the identified proteins, the expression level of 51 were significantly different between wild and captive P. large pups. These differentially expressed proteins were enriched in a wide range of cellular functions, including cytoskeleton, phagocytosis, proteolysis, the regulation of gene expression, and carbohydrate metabolism. The abundances of proteins involved in phagocytosis and ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis were significantly higher in the whole blood of wild P. largha pups than in captive individuals. In addition, heat shock protein 90-beta, were determined as the key protein associated with the differences in the wild and captive P. largha pups due to the most interactions of it with various differentially expressed proteins. Moreover, wild P. largha pups could be more nutritionally stressed and have more powerful immune capacities than captive pups. This study provides the first data on the protein composition of P. largha and provides useful information on the physiological characteristics for research in this species.

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Short Communication Sequence variation and gene duplication at the MHC DRB loci of the spotted seal Phoca largha

Cited by 10 publications

References 18 publications

Age‐related differences in gut microbial community composition of captive spotted seals (Phoca largha)

Age‐related differences in gut microbial community composition of captive spotted seals (Phoca largha)

Genetic variations in the UTR of genes related to molting in Eriocheir sinensis

Proteomics reveals the preliminary physiological states of the spotted seal (Phoca largha) pups

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