Short Communication: Preliminary characterization of groundcherry (Physalis angulata) from East Java Province, Indonesia based on morpho-agronomic traits

Abstract

Abstract. Sadiyah H, Soegianto A, Waluyo B, Ashari S. 2020. Short Communication: Preliminary characterization of groundcherry (Physalis angulata) from East Java Province, Indonesia based on morpho-agronomic traits. Biodiversitas 21: 759-769. Accurate knowledge of the genetic relationships between different germplasms is important for successful crop improvement programs through breeding. This work aimed to i) characterize the groundcherry germplasm collected from the field of eastern Java and Madura Island based on their morpho-agronomic performance, ii) investigate the relationships among the different germplasms, and iii) verify whether simultaneous analysis of quantitative-qualitative data (joint analysis) can reveal new clustering patterns. A total of 26 quantitative and 31 qualitative traits were measured and evaluated for 28 accessions. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used to select variables that had significant loading, based on a t-test, for inclusion in cluster analysis. The first clustering method was the Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean (UPGMA), which only involved quantitative variables using the Manhattan distance. This method was followed by a joint analysis using Gower dissimilarity. Nonparametric multivariate analysis of variance test showed that four clusters were the optimum number for both methods, but the clusters for each method had different members. The coefficient of variation ranged from 3.9 (fruit pH) to 45.5 (productivity per plant), indicating that improvement in the productivity in groundcherry was promising. The mean values of the morpho-agronomic traits for accessions from eastern Java and Madura Island were not significantly different, except for fruit firmness and the mean length of two internodes. In general, geographic isolation did not have much influence on the characteristics of an accession, since there were accessions from these two regions that were members of the same group, identified by the clustering analysis.

Seleksi Kegenjahan dan Hasil Tinggi pada Ciplukan (Physalis angulata L.) Berdasarkan Nilai Kemajuan Genetik

“…Hasil dari penelitian terkait farmakologi menunjukkan P. angulata dapat digunakan sebagai antiinflamasi, antibakteri, antidiabetes, antikanker dan untuk mengobati diabetes, malaria, anemia, demam dan hipertensi (Yu et al, 2010;Rengifo-Salgado & Vargas-Arana, 2013;Fathurrahman et al, 2016;Valdivia-Mares et al, 2016;Sun et al, 2017). Bagian organ tanaman ciplukan dapat digunakan sebagai bahan obat-obatan tradisional sehingga berpotensi untuk dikembangkan di Indonesia sebagai sumber buah eksotik dan bahan baku agroindustri berbasis nutra dan farmaseutikal (Faronny et al, 2019;Waluyo et al, 2019;Zanetta et al, 2019;Sadiyah et al, 2020).…”

“…Pengembangan tanaman ciplukan sebagai bahan baku agroindustri di Indonesia memerlukan kontinuitas secara kualitatif dan kuantitatif namun dihadapkan pada keterbatasan bahan baku. Penyediaan varietas ciplukan dengan meningkatkan kapasitas genetik dapat dilakukan melalui program pemuliaan tanaman dengan cara seleksi dilanjutkan dengan rekombinasi melalu persilangan terarah (Faronny et al, 2019;Waluyo et al, 2019;Sadiyah et al, 2020;Nurfajrin & Waluyo, 2021).…”

“…Keragaman yang tinggi pada karakter ciplukan membuka peluang bagi peningkatan kapasitas genetik melalui pemuliaan tanaman sehingga bisa dimanfaatkan oleh industri. Komponen penting yang perlu ditingkatkan dalam pengelolaan ciplukan untuk pembentukan varietas ialah hasil (Waluyo et al, 2019) dan umur panen (Sadiyah et al, 2020;Nurfajrin & Waluyo, 2021). Oleh karena itu, keragaman tinggi pada karakter umur panen dan hasil panen merupakan parameter penting untuk merakit varietas unggul tanaman ciplukan.…”

Genetic diversity and relationship of husk tomato (Physalis spp.) from East Java Province revealed by SSR markers

“…The seeds of those 33 accessions were planted in Greenhouse from August 2018 to January 2019 (see Sadiyah et al (2020) for details). Briefly, the seeds were germinated in trays for 13 days, moved to cocopeat medium for 20 days, then transplanted into a polybag containing the 13 kg media, the mixture of compost, soil, and sand, to grow.…”

“…Crossa and Franco (2004) suggested the use of graphs for different numbers of groups and observed the point of maximum increase as a criterion for defining the optimal number of groups. In the present study, as in Sadiyah et al (2020), we used the opposite criterion, i.e. using the maximum decrease.…”