Short Communication: Ethnobotanical and ecological studies of medicinal plants in a mangrove forest in Mempawah District, West Kalimantan, Indonesia

Abstract

Abstract. Arbiastutie Y, Diba F, Masriani. 2021. Short Communication: Ethnobotanical and ecological studies of medicinal plants in a mangrove forest in Mempawah District, West Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 3164-3170. The mangrove forest Polaria Tanjung Pagar in Mendalok Village, Mempawah District, West Kalimantan, Indonesia, is a mangrove forest maintained by the local community. Currently, this mangrove forest has become one of the tourist attractions, not only visited by local and national, but also foreign tourists. This study aims to identify plants in Polaria Tanjung Pagar mangrove forest Kalimantan with the potential for medicinal uses. The research used a survey method in the mangrove forest by conducting an inventory of the medicinal plants found in the mangrove forest. Observations were made using a transect line with the total area understudy of 0.012 ha and sampling intensity of 0.4%. The investigation was based on cross-checking the traditional use of medicinal plants by the surrounding communities and the scientific literature. The results showed 13 types of medicinal plants (including tree and understorey plants) from 6 different families, i.e., Acrostichum aureum, Aegiceras corniculatum, Avicennia marina, Avicennia alba, Bruguiera parviflora, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Bruguiera cylindrica, Ceriops decandra, Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora stylosa, Rhizophora mucronata, Xylocarpus moluccensis, and Sonneratia caseolaris. The community structure of the mangrove forest had moderate diversity for tree species and low diversity for understorey plant species, with an H' valued at 2.39 and 0.25, respectively.

The environmental services of Pangarengan mangrove forest in Cirebon, Indonesia: conserving biodiversity and storing carbon

“…Mangrove forest provides environmental services for coastal areas, including conservation of biotas (fish, plankton, and benthos) in the mangrove waters (Sihombing et al 2017), prevention of abrasion (Nordhaus et al 2019;Sadono et al 2020), provision of ecotourism destination (Pin et al 2021), sequestration and storage of carbon in the belowground and aboveground (Widyastuti et al 2018, Kusumaningtyas et al 2019, Matatula et al 2021, provision of medicinal plants (Arbiastutie et al 2021), and mitigation of the effects of a tsunami (Husrin et al 2012;Onrizal and Mansor 2016). Furthermore, preserving mangroves in Indonesia will be an effective strategy to mitigate climate change due to their ability to store the carbon above and below ground (Murdiyarso et al 2015) and to prevent the mangrove conversion into other land uses (Eddy et al 2017).…”

Rhizopora apiculata (Blume) Density, NDVI, and Utilization by Fishermen Community in Muara Angke Wildlife Reserve, Penjaringan District, Jakarta, Indonesia

“…Mempawah Medicine [32] The utilization of R. apiculata by the fishermen was related both to a low understanding of R. apiculata and the socioeconomic conditions of the fishermen community. The fishermen community in this study was characterized by gender bias; most fishermen were male, had low education level, and had low incomes.…”

Acrostichium aureum Linn: traditional use, phytochemistry and biological activity

“…Young fronds of A. aureum are sold as vegetables that are eaten fresh and as well-cooked or blanched in Sri Lanka, Malaysia and Indonesia [40][41][42]. In Western Kalimantan of Indonesia, the plant is used to stop bleeding and relieve pain [36]. The rhizome is made into paste and used for treating snakebite, boils and wounds, while the leaves are used to stop bleeding in Malaysia [14].…”

“…India Fronds Antidote for venomous snakebites [13,24,25] Antifungal [26] Fronds and roots Syphilitic ulcers, pharyngitis, chest pain and diabetes [17,24] Malaysia Rhizomes Wounds, snake bite and boils [14] Fronds Hypotension, worms, digestive issues [27] Fiji Plant Sore throat, chest pains, elephantiasis purgative and febrifuge [12,25,28] Bangladesh Leaves Cure cloudy urine in women [29] Rhizome Wounds, peptic ulcers, boils [9] Malaysia Leaves Stop bleeding [14] China Rhizome Worm remedy, inveterate ulcers [9] Bladder complains [25] Borneo Fertile Fronds Syphilitic ulcers [25] Costa Rica Leaves Emollients [13,25] Kerala Whole plant Astringent in hemorrhage [17,30] Panama Young fiddleheads Medicinal bath for infant [9,25] Vietnam Rhizome Wound healing [31] Colombia Young fiddleheads Extract fish bones from the throat [17,24,25] Suriname Abortifacient [32,33] Nigeria Roots Baby lotion [34] Leaves Skin infection and stomach pain [34] Sri-Lanka Rhizome Hemorrhoids, gastritis, dysentery, inguinal hernia [35] Indonesia To stop bleeding and relieve pain [36] isolated from the methanol extract of the whole plant [12]. Sterols including cycloartanol (XVII), 24-methylene cycloartanol (XVIII), stigmasterol (XIX), γ-sitosterol (XX) and campesterol (XXI) were recently isolated from the mangrove fern [6].…”