Short Communication: Diversity and distribution of epiphytic orchid Dendrobium section Spatulata on the host plants in the Cycloop Mountain Nature Reserve of Papua, Indonesia

Abstract

Abstract. Arobaya AYS, Zuhud EAM, Siregar IZ, Irawati. 2022. Short Communication: Diversity and distribution of epiphytic orchid Dendrobium section Spatulata on the host plants in the Cycloop Mountain Nature Reserve of Papua, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 2025-2034. Knowledge of species diversity and distribution is indispensable to assist in formulating a sound conservation strategy. This is truly significant for epiphytic orchids that grow on tree surfaces or phorophyte. The data and information are still limited despite their important role as biological indicators in forest ecosystems. The aim of the study was to carry out an inventory of epiphytic orchids and the phorophytes (host tress) in the Tropical Rain Forest of Cycloop Mountain Nature Reserve. The study took place in four sites located in the regency and city of Jayapura. Exploratory and sampling strip methods of 20x100 square meters were employed during the fieldwork. Orchids were observed and samples were collected based on their distribution in the host plants divided into five zones (Stem zone I and II; Crown zone III to V). The habitat's vegetation profiles were described using computer-aided design (CAD) verse 2018. Plant samples were identified in herbarium Manokwariense and the identified species were incorporated into CAD. Nineteen species of Dendrobium section Spatulata were identified as living as an epiphyte on the 12 phorophytes. These orchids and the host plants were described, determined and analyzed using PATN software. Most orchids are growing abundant in zone II and III. The phorophytes hosting the orchids in the lowland are mainly Syzygium and Intsia, while in the highland are Agathis and Podocarpus. Two types of vegetation profiles were described as savannah woodland in the low land area and coniferous trees vegetation in the highland above 650 m above sea level.

Morphological relationships and cross compatibility of seven Dendrobium species in Indonesia

“…In addition, it has a pseudobulb shape that tends to be upright. This section is known as a horn orchid due to the shape of its long, twisted petals (Arobaya et al 2022). Based on morphological characterization, D. lineale has a distinctive fragrant aroma and small blue flowers, whereas D. stratiotes is a large flower with a unique labellum that can reach 10 cm in length, but is generally about 5 cm.…”

“…ex Lindl., D. stratiotes Rchb.f., and D. lineale Rolfe. (Clement 2014;Metusala 2019;Arobaya et al 2022).…”

Genetic Variation and Genomic Constitution in The Spatulata Orchid Hybrids (Dendrobium spp.) Derived from Interspecific Hybridization Using SRAP marker

“…Spatulata orchids, also known as Antelope Dendrobiums, have long and spiral horns, colorful, beautiful, and long-lasting flowering, and make it more intriguing and distinctive than other Dendrobium sections (Yam and Lee 2013). Dendrobium section Spatulata has a large geographical range, extending from the northern Philippines southward to the Australian state of Queensland, and from the western portion of Java eastward to the Pacific islands and Samoa (Arobaya et al 2022).…”

Diversity of EPIFIT Orchid Types in the Mangrove Ecosystem in Ayari Village, Teluk Ampimoi Sub District, Yapen Islands District, Papua Province, Indonesia

“…The distribution of orchids in the natural forest area of Kampung Sidey spreads at an altitude of 4-12 meters above ground level and 10-15 meters above sea level (Jumriani, 2006). Epiphytic orchids also grow and develop very well in the Cycloop Mountains Nature Reserve (Arobaya et al 2022). According to their habitat, orchid plants are divided into four groups, namely: epiphytic orchids (living attached to the host tree without harming the host), lithophytes (growing on rocks), saprophytes (growing on humus and dry leaves) and terrestrial orchids (living on in soil).…”