Short chain fatty acids inhibit endotoxin-induced uveitis and inflammatory responses of retinal astrocytes

Chen, Nu; Wu, Jun; Wang, Jian; Piri, Niloofar; Chen, Feilan; Xiao, Tong; Zhao, Yuan; Sun, Deming; Kaplan, Henry J.; Shao, Hui

doi:10.1016/j.exer.2021.108520

Cited by 23 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…In the present study, we found that the concentrations of propionate and butyrate were decreased in the feces of EAU mice (Figure S8). In addition, emerging evidence has suggested that SCFAs could ameliorate the severity of endotoxin-induced uveitis and immune-mediated uveitis (Chen et al, 2017(Chen et al, , 2021Nakamura et al, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut microbiota-mediated secondary bile acids regulate dendritic cells to attenuate autoimmune uveitis through TGR5 signaling

Wang

Huang

et al. 2021

Cell Reports

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut microbiota-mediated secondary bile acids regulate dendritic cells to attenuate autoimmune uveitis through TGR5 signaling

Wang

Huang

et al. 2021

Cell Reports

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“…SCFAs is important in not only maintaining intestinal barrier integrity but also regulation of immune function ( Cleophas et al., 2016 ; Parada Venegas et al., 2019 ). Recent study suggested that intra-peritoneal injected SCFAs can cross the blood-eye barrier and reduce intraocular inflammation induced by LPS ( Chen et al., 2021 ). However, it was unclear about the critical role of SCFAs in the anti-inflammation action of fenofibrate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fenofibrate Ameliorated Systemic and Retinal Inflammation and Modulated Gut Microbiota in High-Fat Diet-Induced Mice

Wang

Liu

et al. 2022

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Fenofibrate, as a lipid-lowering drug, has been reported to have a protective effect on the retina independent with plasma lipid levels. This study aimed to investigate that the ameliorative effects of fenofibrate on systemic and retinal inflammation, as well as gut microbiota dysbiosis in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced mice. C57BL/6J mice were randomly allocated into four groups: standard diet (SD) group; HFD group; SD plus fenofibrate (SD_ Fe) group; HFD plus fenofibrate (HFD_ Fe) group. After successfully establishing models (5 months), indicators associated with lipid, gut barrier, inflammation and gut microbiota were investigated. Our results showed that supplementing the HFD with fenofibrate decreased body weight gain, alleviated dyslipidemia and reversed the downregulation of short-chain fatty acid (SCFAs) in serum, retina and feces. Fenofibrate ameliorated intestinal barrier function damage in HFD-induced mice. Fenofibrate coadministration inhibited the levels of inflammatory factor and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the serum and attenuated inflammatory response in the retina of HFD-induced mice. Systemic LPS was positively correlated with a series of inflammatory factors in serum and retina, respectively. Fenofibrate supplementation down-regulated the abundances of LPS-associated bacteria in HFD mice, including Firmicutes and Proteobacteria at the phylum level, Desulfovibrionaceae at the family level, as well as unclassified_ Desulfovibrionaceae, Acetatifactor, Flavonifractor, Oscillibacter and Anaerotruncus at the genus level. However, fenofibrate treatment up-regulated the abundances of SCFA-associated bacteria in HFD mice, including Bacteroidetes at the phylum level, Porphyromonadaceae at the family level, as well as unclassified_Porphyromonadaceae, Barnesiella, Alloprevotella and Bifidobacterium at the genus level. In conclusion, our results confirmed fenofibrate could attenuate HFD-induced systemic and retinal inflammation, accompanying with restoration of intestinal barrier damage and modulation of gut microbiota/metabolites. This work provided an explanation for the ameliorative effects of fenofibrate on HFD-induced systemic and retinal inflammation might be partially related with the modulation of gut microbiota and its metabolites.

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“…SCFAs can traverse the blood–ocular barrier via the circulatory system. Chen et al (2021) demonstrated the ability of high-dose, intraperitoneally administered SCFAs to reach the eye and impede LPS-induced endophthalmitis. SCFAs hinder TNF-α, IL-6, and the chemokines C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 1 and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12 when exposed to inflammatory stimuli in vitro , including ligands for TLR and IL-17.…”

Section: Gm Composition and Metabolites Influence Amd Developmentmentioning

confidence: 98%

Role of traditional Chinese medicine in age-related macular degeneration: exploring the gut microbiota’s influence

Yu,

Liu,

Meng

2024

Front. Pharmacol.

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The pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a degenerative retinopathy, remains unclear. Administration of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor agents, antioxidants, fundus lasers, photodynamic therapy, and transpupillary warming has proven effective in alleviating symptoms; however, these interventions cannot prevent or reverse AMD. Increasing evidence suggests that AMD risk is linked to changes in the composition, abundance, and diversity of the gut microbiota (GM). Activation of multiple signaling pathways by GM metabolites, including lipopolysaccharides, oxysterols, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and bile acids (BAs), influences retinal physiology. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), known for its multi-component and multi-target advantages, can help treat AMD by altering GM composition and regulating the levels of certain substances, such as lipopolysaccharides, reducing oxysterols, and increasing SCFA and BA contents. This review explores the correlation between GM and AMD and interventions for the two to provide new perspectives on treating AMD with TCM.

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Short chain fatty acids inhibit endotoxin-induced uveitis and inflammatory responses of retinal astrocytes

Cited by 23 publications

References 42 publications

Gut microbiota-mediated secondary bile acids regulate dendritic cells to attenuate autoimmune uveitis through TGR5 signaling

Gut microbiota-mediated secondary bile acids regulate dendritic cells to attenuate autoimmune uveitis through TGR5 signaling

Fenofibrate Ameliorated Systemic and Retinal Inflammation and Modulated Gut Microbiota in High-Fat Diet-Induced Mice

Role of traditional Chinese medicine in age-related macular degeneration: exploring the gut microbiota’s influence

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