Short-chain fatty acids in control of energy metabolism

Hu, Jiamiao; Lin, Shaoling; Zheng, Baodong; Cheung, Peter C.K.

doi:10.1080/10408398.2016.1245650

Cited by 300 publications

(217 citation statements)

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“…We tested relative expression levels of three monocarboxylate transporters reportedly involved in butyrate and other SCFA transport into and across the gut epithelial cells . Relative expression levels of Slc5a8 were significantly decreased in the proximal colon of SHR compared to WKY rats ( Slc5a8 , WKY 0.028 ± 0.0063 vs SHR 0.065 ± 0.012, N = 4, P = 0.0325; Figure A).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The black arrow indicates addition of butyrate to the apical side of proximal colon other SCFA transport into and across the gut epithelial cells. 21,37 Relative expression levels of Slc5a8 were significantly decreased in the proximal colon of SHR compared to WKY rats (Slc5a8, WKY 0.028 ± 0.0063 vs SHR 0.065 ± 0.012, N = 4, P = 0.0325; Figure 3A). In line with this, immunohistochemical examination of proximal colon revealed lower protein levels of Slc5a8 in the luminal epithelial cells of SHR compared to WKY (WKY 270.3 ± 2.59 vs SHR 188.1 ± 8.89, N = 3/4, P = 0.0006; Figure 3B).…”

Section: Relative Expression Levels Of Scfa Transporters In the Promentioning

confidence: 98%

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Impaired butyrate absorption in the proximal colon, low serum butyrate and diminished central effects of butyrate on blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats

et al. 2019

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Aim Butyrate is a major gut microbiota‐derived metabolite. Reduced butyrate‐producing bacteria has been reported in the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR), a model of hypertension characterized by dysfunctional autonomic nervous system and gut dysbiosis. Here, we demonstrate a potential mechanism for butyrate in blood pressure regulation. Methods High‐performance liquid chromatography and liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry were performed to measure butyrate levels in feces and serum. Ussing chamber determined butyrate transport in colon ex vivo. Real‐time PCR and immunohistochemistry evaluated expression of butyrate transporter, Slc5a8, in the colon. Mean arterial blood pressure was measured in catheterized anesthetized rats before and after a single butyrate intracerebroventricular injection. Activity of cardioregulatory brain regions was determined by functional magnetic resonance imaging to derive neural effects of butyrate. Results In the SHR, we demonstrated elevated butyrate levels in cecal content, but diminished butyrate levels in circulation, possibly due to reduced expression of Slc5a8 transporter in the colon. In addition, we observed lower expression levels of butyrate‐sensing receptors in the hypothalamus of SHR, likely leading to the reduced effects of centrally administered butyrate on blood pressure in the SHR. Functional magnetic resonance imaging revealed reduced activation of cardioregulatory brain regions following central administration of butyrate in the SHR compared to control. Conclusion We demonstrated a reduced availability of serum butyrate in the SHR, possibly due to diminished colonic absorption. Reduced expression of butyrate‐sensing receptors in the SHR hypothalamus may explain the reduced central responsiveness to butyrate, indicating microbial butyrate may play a role in blood pressure regulation.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Relative Expression Levels Of Scfa Transporters In the Promentioning

confidence: 98%

Impaired butyrate absorption in the proximal colon, low serum butyrate and diminished central effects of butyrate on blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats

et al. 2019

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“…Obesity has become a serious concern because it is tightly associated with cardiovascular morbidity, inflammations, type 2 diabetes and etc. via complex interrelationships with unfavorable metabolic consequence (Hu, Lin, Zheng, & Cheung, ; Kobayashi, Kawasaki, Takahashi, Maeno, & Nomura, ). At present, the researchers have drawn wide attention on the relationship between host gene (gene‐induced obesity), dietary excesses (diet‐induced obesity), and obesity (Wei, Li, Zhao, & Nicholson, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chlorogenic acid alleviates obesity and modulates gut microbiota in high‐fat‐fed mice

Wang

Lam

et al. 2019

Food Science & Nutrition

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To evaluate the anti‐obesity effects of chlorogenic acid (CGA), the mice were fed a high‐fat diet (HFD) upon chlorogenic acid treatment for 6 weeks. The results showed administration of chlorogenic acid (150 mg per kg per day) remarkably promoted body loss, reduced lipid levels in plasma and altered mRNA expression of lipogenesis and lipolysis related genes in adipose tissue. Moreover, chlorogenic acid also reversed the HFD‐induced gut microbiota dysbiosis, including significantly inhibiting the growth of Desulfovibrionaceae, Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae, Erysipelotrichaceae, and raising the growth of Bacteroidaceae, Lactobacillaceae. Overall, the amelioration of HFD‐induced gut microbiota dysbiosis by chlorogenic acid may contribute, at least partially, to its beneficial effects on ameliorating HFD‐induced obesity.

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“…Although we do not yet know if humans can directly benefit from vitamin B12 produced by Akkermansia , there are indirect benefits resulting from the altered metabolites produced when vitamin B12 is available. Specifically, the type and quantity of short chain fatty acids (SCFA) produced during fermentation influences host health [41–43]. For example, propionate is known to help regulate appetite by stimulating the release of peptide YY (PYY) and glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1) by human colonic cells [44].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative genomics guides elucidation of vitamin B12 biosynthesis in novel human associatedAkkermansia

Kirmiz

Galindo

Cross

et al. 2019

Preprint

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22Background: Akkermansia muciniphila is a mucin-degrading bacterium found in the gut of most 23 healthy humans and is considered a 'next-generation probiotic.' However, knowledge of the 24 genomic and physiological diversity of human associated Akkermansia is limited, as only one 25 species has been formally described. 26Results: To begin to fill this knowledge gap, we reconstructed 35 high-quality metagenome 27 assembled genomes from children and combined them with 40 other publicly available genomes 28 from adults and mice for comparative genomic analysis. We identified at least four species-level 29 phylogroups (AmI-AmIV) with distinct functional potentials. Most notably, we identified the 30 presence of putative cobalamin (vitamin B12) biosynthesis genes within the AmII (n=26/28) and 31AmIII (n=2/2) phylogroups. To test these predictions, 10 novel strains of Akkermansia were 32 isolated from adults and screened for essential vitamin B12 biosynthesis genes via PCR. Two 33 strains of the AmII phylogroup were positive for the presence of vitamin B12 biosynthesis genes, 34 while all AmI strains, including the type strain A. muciniphila Muc T , were negative. To 35 demonstrate vitamin B12 biosynthesis, we measured the production of acetate, succinate, and 36 propionate in the presence and absence of vitamin supplementation in representative strains of 37 the AmI and AmII phylogroups since cobalamin is a cofactor in propionate metabolism. Results 38show that the Akkermansia AmII strain produced acetate and propionate in the absence of 39 supplementation, which is indicative of de novo vitamin B12 biosynthesis. In contrast, acetate 40 and succinate were the main fermentation products for the AmI strains when vitamin B12 was 41 not supplied in the culture medium. 42 Conclusions: We identified Akkermansia strains as potentially important vitamin B12 43 biosynthetic bacteria in the human gut. This novel physiological trait of human associated 44 Akkermansia may impact how these bacteria interact with the human host and other members of 45 the human gut microbiome. 46 47 KEYWORDS: Akkermansia, intestinal bacteria, vitamin B12, human gut microbiome, 48 probiotics 49 50 BACKGROUND 51Akkermansia muciniphila is a mucin degrading, gram-negative intestinal bacterium 52 widely present in the human population, typically at 1 to 4% relative abundance [1, 2]. A number 53 of studies in humans [3-5] and rodents [6][7][8] have found positive associations between its 54 abundance and intestinal health, suggesting that Akkermansia may be a beneficial member of the 55 gut microbiome and could be used as a biomarker of a healthy gut [9][10][11]. However, despite a 56 diversity of phylotypes being reported by previous sequence-based studies, A. muciniphila Muc T 57 (ATCC BAA-835) represents the sole described species of the Verrucomicrobia phylum 58 associated with humans [2, 12, 13]. Therefore, before we can fully assess the health potential of 59 human associated Akkermansia, a comprehensive understanding of the genomic and 60 physiol...

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Short-chain fatty acids in control of energy metabolism

Cited by 300 publications

References 73 publications

Impaired butyrate absorption in the proximal colon, low serum butyrate and diminished central effects of butyrate on blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats

Impaired butyrate absorption in the proximal colon, low serum butyrate and diminished central effects of butyrate on blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats

Chlorogenic acid alleviates obesity and modulates gut microbiota in high‐fat‐fed mice

Comparative genomics guides elucidation of vitamin B12 biosynthesis in novel human associatedAkkermansia

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